العوامل الطبيعية واثرها في حركة النقل الحضري في مدينة بلد

Abstract

The subject of the research is summarized in the natural factors and their impact on urban transportation in the city of Balad, as the city is located in the centre of Iraq within the alluvial plain. The research started from the problem that natural factors have a direct impact on the urban transportation network within the city and that there are some factors that affect the transportation network more than others. On this basis, we assumed the existence of a direct relationship and influence between the natural features of the region and the status of the urban transportation network in the city. The study aims to identify locational characteristics, their factors, and their role in building and directing the street network and to develop applied solutions that contribute to solving the problems resulting from the deterioration of the traffic system within the city. Emphasis was placed on the topics of geological structure, surface features, soil, climate elements, and water resources. The research concluded with a number of results, the most important of which are the location of the region, its flatness and good soil, which encouraged the expansion of the transportation road network significantly. The effect of temperatures on the internal transportation network in the city appears in its rise, thus, the softness of the surface layer in the streets of the city, which helped damaging the streets with ripples and collapse.