العوامل البشرية المؤثرة في ظاهرة التصحر في قضاء سامراء للمنطقة الممتدة بين نهر دجلة وبحيرة الثرثار
الشريط الجانبي للمقالة
محتوى المقالة الرئيسي
الملخص
إنَ لعوامل الجغرافية الطبيعية الدور الأبرز في ظهور مشكلة التصحر في منطقة الدراسة فهنالك ترابط وتفاعل بين هذه العوامل لإبراز التصحر، ويساهم في ابرازها العوامل البشرية من حيث النمو السكاني، والتوسع العمراني، والرعي الجائر، والصناعات الاستخراجية (مقالع الرمل والحصى)، التي تترك أثاراً ومخلفات كبيرة من دون عناية وإعادة النظر في تنظيم الحياة في أراضيها التي حولتها إلى مستنقعات مبعثرة بالتلال الحصوية، وأيضا هنالك الأساليب الخاطئة في القطاع الزراعي والتي تؤثر تأثيرا كبيرا في ازدياد التصحر. إذ أنَ التصحر هو نتيجة حتمية وتسارع غير طبيعي لاستثمار الأرض بشكل غير سليم. إذ إنَ الخطر ليس في الزيادة السريعة لمعدلات النمو السكاني فقط وإنما أيضا في أسلوب استغلال الأرض من قبل الانسان فالمعروف ان استغلال الأرض أو استغلال الموارد البيئية يرتبط بتغير معدلات النمو السكاني والاقتصادي والمستوى الحضاري لهم وإنَ الاستغلال غير الطبيعي للأرض والموارد الطبيعية يؤدي في النهاية إلى تفكك وتخريب ومن ثم حدوث الجفاف وتدهور الغطاء النباتي وتعرية التربة وفقدان المياه.
المقاييس
تفاصيل المقالة
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المراجع
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