The Economic and Social Role of Overseas Immigrants in the Evolution of California, 1848-1869
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Gold, a highly valued metallic element, has been the subject of several narratives and extensive literary works. In the written record of United States history, the American territory did not bear witness to a momentous discovery like to the events of 1848 in California, when this region fell under the dominion of the United States. Following the revelation of substantial gold deposits in the rivers, this information rapidly disseminated globally, prompting a significant influx of people into the United States of America. The economic growth that ensued from the gold discovery in California between 1848 and 1899 played a significant role in fostering the expansion of various economic sectors. Consequently, there arose a necessity to extend the Continental Railroad, which served to connect the previously isolated American West with the American East, thereby establishing a vital link to the global economy and the essential territories within the United States of America. The study was structured into an introductory section that encompassed the significance of the subject matter, divided into three subsections. The initial subsection provided a historical overview of the economic significance of gold, as well as the chronological progression of its discovery in California between 1848 and 1857. The subsequent subsection focused on examining the pattern of foreign migrations towards California during the years 1848 to 1849. The third subject elucidated the economic contributions made by Chinese and Irish immigrants in the construction of the Continental Railway during the period spanning from 1862 to 1899. The study concludes by presenting the key findings, followed by a comprehensive list of references
Metrics
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
(1) Spanish exploration and settlement ,the national survey of historic sites and buildings united states department of tile interior, national park service,1959, p.6-7.
Guide to the James Wilson Marshall Papers, 1885-1888 ,Processed by The California State Library California History Sacramento, California California State Library. All rights reserved.199.
( ) John C.Fremont American expl0rer military officer ,Viewed on August 18.2022.
(11) Sarah A. Gallagher, Early History of Lambertville, N.J. (Trenton, N.J.: MacCrellish & Quigley, 1903).
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo – Library of Congress, Viewed on August 18,2022.
(15) Karen Clay , Migrating to Riches Evidence from the California Gold Rush,Heinz School of Public Policy and Management ,Carnegie Mellon University,2008,p5.
(16) Ralph K. Andrist, Op .Cit ., p ,21-26.
( )DANIEL J.MEISSNER,California Clash Irish and chinese Labor in san Francisco,1850-1870 p.56 .
Monan J. J., A Short History of the People of Ireland, Furlong, d. n. 1991, pp. 432-436.
( )DANIEL J.MEISSNER,California Clash Irish and chinese Labor in san Francisco,1850-1870 p.56.
( ) DANIEL J.MEISSNER,Op cit.P 62-63.
'Connor 2010, pg. 194–196, 199, 202–204, 213, Darlington 2008, pg. 76.
Mineral, and Related Terms, US Bureau of Mines, 1968, p.560.
( )Migrating to Riches ,Evidence from the California Gold Rush,Heinz School of Puplic Policy and Carnegie Mellon Univirsty PittsburgA15213@andrew.cmu.edu , p.1-2.
( )Zinzius. B.,.Chinese America, Stereotype andReality, History, Present and future of the ChineseAmericans. New York. Peter Lang Publishing. (2005) .p12- 13.
( )T sai. S.China and the Overseas Chinese in theUnited States, 1868-1911. Arkansas. University ofArkansas, 1983. p.10- 17.
( )Heijkoop. S. Here was the promise land, Nineteen Century Migration to the United States: A comparative study of three ethnic groups. Master Thesis. Utrecht University, 2009 p. 35-61.
( )DANIELJ.MEISSNER ,Op.Cit.p 63.
( )DANIELJ.MEISSNER ,Op.Cit.p 63.
( ): "EMPLOYER STATUS DETERMINATION Union Pacific Railroad Company Southern Pacific Transportation Company" Railroad Retirement Board, ,Company Overview". Union Pacific Corporation. December 31, 2013.
( )congress of the United states ,The pacific Railroad Act,(Washington D.C.1862) http://www.ourdocuments.gov/document-datapdfdocp,32.
( )Ambrose, Nothing like it in the world :The Men who Built the TranscontinentalRailroad,1863-1869(New york:simon&Shuster,2000,p17.
( )Rail and California economy, summary report of Californians rail system and its economic impact on the state University of California Berkeley/2017
( )The 52 miles of non-Boston & Maine tracks belonged to the Grand Trunk. Technically, the Maine Central Railroad, which operated one hundred miles of track in New Hampshire, was separate from the Boston & Maine, but the Boston & Maine owned the majority of Maine Central stock until 1916, and the two railroads shared management afterwards.
(46)John Schrecker ,“For the Equality of Men – For the Equality of Nations”: Anson Burlingame and China’s First Embassy to the United States, 1868, (47)Journal of American-East Asian Relations, Brandeis University,2010.p 27-28.
(48)Scott zesch ,the Chinatown war Chinese Los Angeles and the massager of 1871,2012.p,246.
( ) Armond. M. Legal Dimensions of the Chinese Experience in Los Angeles 1860-1880. California. California Institute of Technology. 1860, 1880, 2000 P.63
( )Kandall. S. Women and Addiction in the UnitedStates 1850 to 1920. National Institute on Drug Abuse. Rockville. 1994. P.35.
( )Chan. S. The Exclusion of Chinese Women 1870-1943. Philadelphia. Philadelphia University Press.1991. p, 22- 95.
( ).Lee. C., Prostitutes and Picture Brides: Chinese andJapanese Immigration, Settlement, and American Nation– Building 1870-1920. Los Angeles. University ofCalifornia. 2003, P.417-423.
( )Campi. A. Remembering December 17: Repeal of the1882 Chinese Exclusion Act. Washington. Immigratio Policy Center. 2004,P.2- 3.
)50) Sucheng Chan, the Exclusion of Chinese Women 1870-1943.