دور المرأة في دعم الاستقرار الاجتماعي والاقتصادي في ولاية كاليفورنيا اثناء حمى الذهب 1848-1867.

Abstract

On the man’s side, it is always the woman. She accompanied him on his first migration towards the new world to realize dreams of living in a world of economic opportunities, enjoying the vastness of the land, freedom of belief and expression, and living in peace. These are the dreams of those who immigrated to the Americas, then the years multiplied until they became centuries, to bring new opportunities rich in the treasures of the earth with its generous natural resources. That was California, which shook the dust of wars and declared its independence under the US federal flag.California took a pause in the annals of history in the year 1848, to smile at the urgency and start its economic history full of giving with a foreign immigrant’s pick who discovered gold in it to set off internal migrations from the American East to cross the thousand princes by land and thousands of sea miles to reach the land of dreams. These travellers, women accompanied men at the beginning of the migrations in small numbers, but they soon increased and became a social structure that provides men with economic support and unparalleled creativity.These trips were accompanied by an expansion in the immigration of women from inside and outside to exceed the social origins of women in California. This diversity was the reason for the expansion of the social and moral construction of women in a vital field in which money became a master controlling life and survival, but on the other hand it contributed to the rupture of the social framework of the American East with what it carries From a picture raining Protestant Christianity and some Catholic conservatives.Research section into an introduction that showed the importance of the topic. The first topic: a historical presentation of the discovery of gold in California in 1848, while the second topic: the social and economic role of women in the exploration of gold in California 1848-1850. As for the third topic: it follows the attempts to control the social behavior of immigrant women to California 1848-1855. To conclude with a conclusion that includes the most important results in a historical analytical style. And a list of the most important margins and comments, then a list of the most important sources used.