Hassan Al-Hakim and His Administrative and Economic Role in Palestine, Syria and Iraq (1931-1938)
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Abstract
The Syrian political scene, under the French mandate, witnessed the emergence of many national figures, who played a major role in defining the identity of the contemporary Syrian state. At the forefront of these figures came the figure of Hassan al-Hakim, who constitutes an important aspect of Syrian history. Therefore, this study came under the title: (Hassan Abdel-Razzaq Al-Hakim and his political role in Syria), given the great value of Hassan Al-Hakim in the history of Syria, as he was able to achieve many gains for the Syrian state, due to his acquiring many accumulated experiences, as a result of his early activity in most joints of the state, both in Administrative, economic or political aspects
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References
First - Unpublished Documents:
- and. T. S, Directorate of Syrian Historical Documents, Documentary Unit, Hassan al-Hakim Collection, Special Section, 137/4028, 1934.
- and. T. Q, Directorate of Syrian Historical Documents, Documentary Unit, Hassan al-Hakim Collection, Special Section, 91/2146, 1936.
- and. T. Q, Directorate of Syrian Historical Documents, Documentary Unit, Hassan al-Hakim Collection, Special Section, 45/2100, 1937.
- and. T. Q, Directorate of Syrian Historical Documents, Documentary Unit, Hassan al-Hakim Collection, Special Section, 9/2064, 1946.
- and. T. S, Directorate of Syrian Historical Documents, Documentary Unit, Hassan al-Hakim Collection, Special Section, 113/2168, 1956.
- and. T. Q, Directorate of Syrian Historical Documents, Documentary Unit, Hassan al-Hakim Collection, Special Section, 87/2142, d. T.
- and. T. Q, Directorate of Syrian Historical Documents, Documentary Unit, Hassan al-Hakim Collection, Special Section, 101/2156, d. T.
- and. T. Q, Directorate of Syrian Historical Documents, Documentary Unit, Hassan al-Hakim Collection, Special Section, 84/2139, d. T.
Second - Documentary books
- Arabic Documentary Books:
- Decrees received from the Syrian government for the years 1938-1939.
- The sessions of the Syrian Parliament for the year 1939, the second legislative session, the fourth regular session, the tenth session.
- Hassan Al-Hakim, Historical Documents Related to the Syrian Issue in the Arab Al-Faisali Covenants and the French Mandate 1915-1946, Dar Sader, Beirut, 1974.
-______, My Experiences in Governance, A Record Full of Historical Documents and Political Commentaries on International Issues, Arab Affairs, and Syrian Events, Administration of the Millat al-Sharia, Amman, 1978.
- Hikmat Ali Ismail, The French Mandate Regime over Syria 1920-1928, A Study of the History of Syria Through Documents, Dar Talas, Damascus, 1998.
- Abd al-Wahhab al-Kayyali, Documents of the Palestinian Arab Resistance Against the British and Zionist Occupation 1918-1939, Institute for Palestine Studies, Beirut, 1963.
- Foreign documentary books:
- Jane Priestland, Recoords of Syria 1918 – 1973, Royal Crown, London, 2005, Vol. 6.
Third - theses and university dissertations:
- Ahmad Awwad Abbas, Hasan Abd al-Razzaq al-Hakim and his political role in Syria 1886_1982, Master Thesis (unpublished), College of Education for Human Sciences, University of Tikrit, 2022.
- Osama Refaat al-Bayati, Hashem al-Atassi and his political role in Syria 1887-1960, Master Thesis (unpublished), College of Education - Ibn Rushd, University of Baghdad, 2006.
- Baida Allawi Shamkhi Jabr Al-Shuwaili, Youssef Ghanima, his life and activities 1885-1950, Master Thesis (unpublished), College of Education - Ibn Rushd, University of Baghdad, 2003.
-Ruba Jamal Salman Al-Zahar, The Development of the Palestinian Economy 1882-1948, Master Thesis (unpublished), Faculty of Arts, Islamic University, Gaza, Palestine, 2011.
-Visions of Jamal Khader Khalaf Al-Jubouri, The Impact of the Global Economic Crisis on General Conditions in Palestine 1929-1933, Master Thesis (unpublished), College of Education for Human Sciences, University of Tikrit, 2016.
- Saba Shafia, The Development of the British Mandate over Palestine 1920-1948, Master Thesis (unpublished), Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Boudiaf University, Algeria, 2015.
-Nahid Abdel Karim, Parliamentary Councils in Syria and their Role in Domestic and Foreign Policy 1920-1943, Master Thesis (unpublished), Faculty of Arts, Damascus University, Syria, 1983.
- Youssef Sami Farhan Hussein, Lutfi Al-Haffar and his role in the history of Syria 1885-1968, Master Thesis (unpublished), College of Arts, Anbar University, 2010.
Fourth - books
- Arabic and Arabized books
-Abd al-Rahman al-Kayyali, The Stages in the French Mandate and its National Struggle from 1936-1939, Al-Dad Press, Aleppo, 1960, Part 4.
-Abdul Hamid Shoman Al-Asami: Biography of Abdul Hamid Shoman, Arab Foundation for Studies and Publishing, Beirut, 1982.
-Daad al-Hakim, The Letters of Abd al-Rahman al-Shahbandar 1879-1920, A History of a Nation in the Life of a Man, Publications of the Ministry of Culture, Damascus, 2002.
- Fouad Hamdi Bseiso, The Arab Economy in Palestine during the British Mandate 1920-1948, Palestinian Encyclopedia House, Beirut, d. T.
- Said Hamadeh, The Economic System in Palestine, American Press, Beirut, 1939.
-Lutfi Jaafar Faraj, King Ghazi and his role in the internal and external fields 1933-1939, Dar Adnan, Baghdad, 1987.
- Sami Abdul Hafez Al-Qaisi, Yassin Al-Hashemi and his role in Iraqi politics 1922-1936, Haddad Press, Basra, 1975, Part 1, Part 2.
-Harith Yusef Ghanima, the political writer Yusuf Ghanima 1885-1950, one of the pillars of the scientific renaissance in modern Iraq, Dar Al-Hurriya for Printing, Baghdad, 1990.
- Stephen Hemsley Lonkerik, Syria and Lebanon under the French Mandate, translated by: Pierre Akl, Dar Al Haqiqa, Beirut, 1978.
- Ibrahim Saeed Al-Baydani, American Policy towards Syria 1936-1958, Amwaj House, Amman, 2015.
-Nashat Jamil Shaker Al-Khanji, Revolutionaries Who Made Independence Luminous Pages from the History of the Syrian Revolution, Dar Al-Sharq for Printing and Publishing, Damascus, 2008.
- Shamran Hammadi, Summary of Political and Constitutional Systems in the Middle East, Al-Ahlia for Printing and Publishing, Baghdad, 1964.
-Nasouh Babel, Syrian Journalism and Politics in the Twentieth Century, 2nd Edition, Riyad Al-Rayes for Books and Publishing, Beirut, 2001.
- Abd al-Rahman al-Kayyali, The Stages in the French Mandate and its National Struggle from 1936-1939, Al-Dhaad Press, Aleppo, 1960, Part 4.
-Mounir Al-Ghadhban, Syria in a Century, Dr. D, Damascus, d. T.
- Yusuf al-Hakim, Syria and the French Mandate, 2nd Edition, An-Nahar Publishing House, Beirut, 1991.
Fifth - periodicals
-Published research:
- Ibtisam Hammoud Muhammad, The Impact of the Federalist Policy on the Development of National People in Iraq, Associations as a Model, Journal of Historical and Civilizational Studies, University of Tikrit, Issue 21, Volume 7, 2015.
- Shaima Khalaf Fadel, Khaled Bektash and his role in Syrian politics until 1966, Journal of the 8College of Education for Human Sciences, University of Tikrit, Issue 7, Volume 17, 2010.
- Jihad Shaaban Al-Batsh, The Political Role of Ahmed Helmy Abdel-Baqi in Palestine (1922-1963 AD), Al-Azhar University Journal, Issue 1, Volume 17, Al-Quds Open University, Gaza, 2015.
- Muhannad Khudair Ali Hamid Al-Amiri, The Conditions of Trade in Syria during the French Mandate Period 1920_1946, Journal of the College of Education for Human Sciences, University of Tikrit, Issue 6, 2021.
- Newspapers:
- The Official Gazette of the Syrian Republic, Damascus, Issue No. 14, April 13, 1939.
Sixth: Encyclopedias:
- Mahmoud Fahmy Darwish, The Official Iraqi Guide for the Year 1936, An Illustrated Annual Administrative, Social, Economic, Commercial, Agricultural Encyclopedia, Dankour for Printing and Publishing, Baghdad, 1936.
- Yahya Suleiman Qassam, Encyclopedia of Syria between the Kingdom and the Republic, Prime Minister and Ministers, Dar Al-Arab for Studies, Publishing and Translation, Damascus, d. v, mg2.