Teaching Grammar and the Communicative Method in Salahaldin Secondary Schools
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
This study aims at investigating the difficulties encountered by teachers in teaching grammar while using the communicative method in Saladin secondary schools.
It is hypothesized that most of English teachers use the traditional method of teaching and they don’t use communicative method in teaching grammar, and the second hypothesis is that ‘teachers who teach males students encounter more difficulties in teaching grammar than those who teach female students’.
The sample of this study is secondary school students and teachers that teach English as a foreign language. A questionnaire is designed to achieve the aims of the study. Data is collected analyzed statistically. Finally , the findings of the study revealed that teachers of English who teach ‘English for Iraq’ series encounter various difficulties in teaching grammar , and English teachers use the traditional way of teaching grammar (the structural method) ,and they don’t know how to teach grammar contextual lying. According to the findings it has been found out that the students has a significant relationship with the teaching method and this will be reflected on the performance of the students of secondary school students.
Metrics
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
Askeland, Eilen (2013) Grammar Teaching in the EFL Classroom: An Analysis of Grammar Tasks in Three Textbooks.(unpublished thesis) University of Bergen.
Chalker, S., & Weiner, E. (1994). Oxford Dictionary of English Grammar. New York: Oxford University Press.
Coombe, C, Folse, K.,and Hubley, N.(2007). A Practical Guide To Assessing English Language Students. Michigan : University Michigan Press.
Davies, A., Brown, A., Elder, C., Hill, K., Lumley, T., & McNamara, T. (1999). Dictionary of language testing. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Ellis, R. (1994). The Study of Second Language Acquisition. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Ellis, Rod. (2006). Current Issues in the Teaching of Grammar: An SLA Perspective. TESOL Quarterly. 40(1): 83-107.
Gay, L.R.(1996). Educational Research Competencies for Analysis and Application (5th ed). New Jersey: Englewood Cliffs.
Hall, G. (2011). Exploring English language teaching: language in action. Abingdon and New York: Routledge.
Harmer, Jeremy. (1991 ). The Practice of English Language Teaching. London: Longman.
Hinkel, E., & Fotos, S. (Eds.). (2002). New Perspectives on Grammar Teaching in Second. Language Classrooms. New York: Routledge.
Ju , Yao (2010) A Study of the Teaching and Learning of English Grammar in the Chinese Junior Secondary School (Unpublished M.A. Thesis ). The University of Oslo.
Keck, C. and Kim, Y. (2014). Pedagogical grammar. Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
Kruticova , Michala. Different Approaches to Teaching Grammar at Lower-Secondary School Level. Hradec Kralove: Faculty of Education, University of Hradec Kralove, 2015. 78 p. Diploma Thesis.
Larsen-Freeman, Diane (1990) . Language Teaching Methods Teacher’s Handbook for the Video Series . Washington, D.C.: USIA WORLDNET .
Larsen-Freeman, D. (2003). Teaching language: from grammar to grammaring. Boston: Heinle.
Levine , G. S.(2014) . Principles for Code Choice in the Foreign Language Classroom : A Focus on Grammaring Language Teaching , 47 (3) , 332-348.
Nassaji, H. and Fotos, S. (2011). Teaching grammar in second language classrooms: integrating form-focused instruction in communicative context. New York: Routledge.
Povjakalova , Alexandra (2012) .Teaching Grammar to Young Learner Using Interactive Whiteboard .(Unpublished M.A. thesis)University of Masaryk University Brno.
Richards ,J.C.; Platt ,John and Platt ,Heidi.(1992).Dictionary of Language Teaching &Applied Linguistics . Essex: Longman Group UK limited.
Slavin, R. (1992). Research on Cooperative learning.The National Center on Postsecondary Teaching, Learning, and Assessment (NCLT).
Simensen, A.M. 1998. Teaching a Foreign Language: Principles and Procedures.Bergen: Fagbokforlaget.
Takala , Anni (2016) Grammar Teaching Methods in EFL Lessons :Factors to consider when making instructional decisions . (Unpublished M.A. Thesis ). University of Jyvaskyla.
Thornbury, Scott . (1999) . How to teach grammar. Edinburg: Pearson Education.Ltd,. ISBN 0582 339324
Thornbury, S. (2004). How to teach grammar. Harlow: Pearson Education Limited.
Tuomas , Petra (2015) Teaching grammar: A study of the common English grammar errors and grammar teaching methods.(Unpublished MA Thesis ) Dalarna University .