-Jassim Muhammad Khalaf, The Natural, Economic, and Human Geography of Iraq, Al-Faris Al-Arabi Press, second edition, Cairo, 1976, p. 35.

-Kazem Abadi Hammadi, The Reality of Poultry Production in Maysan Governorate, University of Maysan, College of Education, Department of Geography, Maysan, 2010, p. 12.

-Hassan Abdel-Zahra Muhammad, Climatic Characteristics and Their Impact on Poultry Raising in the Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf Governorate, General Directorate of Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf Education, No. 69, Part Two, Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf, 2023, p. 525.

-Kawthar Nasser Abbas, Geographical Analysis of Poultry Raising Projects in Baghdad Governorate, PhD thesis (unpublished), University of Baghdad, College of Education for Girls, Department of Geography, 2019, p. 26.

-Abdul-Ilah Hamid Muhammad, Nutrition of Broilers in Hot Regions, Iraqi Agriculture Journal, Volume 2, Issue 1, Baghdad, 1997, p. 147.

-Nihad Abdul Mahdi Al-Dulaimi, Administrative Problems in the Poultry Industry, Middle East and North Africa Journal, Middle East Agricultural and Food Publishing House, Issue 183, Beirut - Lebanon, 2005, pp. 14-15.

-Khaled Abdel Nassif Al-Azzi, Spatial variation of poultry production projects in Kirkuk District and their role in food security, Master’s thesis (unpublished), Tikrit University, College of Education for Human Sciences, Department of Geography, 2020, p. 73.

-From the results of the researcher’s field study during the year 2023.

-Adnan Ahmed Thalaj, An economic study of the reality of water resources in Iraq and its future prospects, Al-Rafidain Agriculture Journal, Volume 37, Issue 3, Mosul, 2009, p. 85.

-Badr Jadoua Ahmed Al-Mamouri, Geography of Water Resources in Iraq, first edition, Baghdad, 2018, p. 45.

-Mohammed Mazal Khalil, a technical and economic feasibility study for a meat chicken production project in Anbar Governorate, Anbar University Journal of Economic and Administrative Sciences, Volume 9, Issue 7, Ramadi, 2011, p. 157.

-Ahmed Attia Gharb, Poultry Raising and Methods of Exploitation in Egypt, Cairo University, Cairo, 1963, p. 5.

-Adnan Attiya Muhammad Al-Faraji, Poultry production and its variation in Iraq and its role in food security, doctoral thesis (unpublished), University of Baghdad, College of Arts, Department of Geography, 2004, p. 191.

-Mikhlif Shalal Marai, Ibrahim Muhammad Hassoun Al-Qassab, Geography of Agriculture, Dar Al-Kutub for Printing and Publishing, Mosul, 1996, p. 413.

-Mohamed Khamis Al-Zouka, Geography of Transport, Dar Al-Ma’rifa University, Cairo, 2000, p. 17.

-Mikhlif Shallal Marai, Spatial Variation of Fruit Trees and the Possibilities of Developing Their Agriculture in Iraq, PhD thesis (unpublished), College of Arts, University of Baghdad, 1980, pp. 149-150.

-Ahmed Habib Rasoul, Principles of Industrial Geography, Baghdad, 1981, p. 41.

-Abdul Khalil Fadil, Ahmed Habib Rasoul, Industrial Geography of Iraq, University of Mosul, Mosul, 1988, p. 131.

-Salem Tawfiq Al-Najafi, Badi Jamil Qaddo, Agricultural Planning and Policy, Dar Al-Kutub for Printing and Publishing, University of Mosul, without year of publication, p. 18.

-Hadi Ahmed Khalaf, Agricultural Land Possession and Investment in Baghdad Governorate, first edition, Al-Irshad Press, Baghdad, 1977, p. 237.

-From the results of the researcher’s field study during the year 2023.

-Subhi Qasim, summary of the book (An Analytical Theory of the Food Problem in the Arab Countries), Abdul Hameed Shoman Foundation, Amman-Jordan, 1982, p. 82, and also: Ismail Ubaid Hammadi, the implications of food security and the requirements for achieving it, Oil and Development Journal, seventh year, Baghdad. , 1981-1982, p. 65.

-Hadi Ahmed Khalaf, Food Security in the Arab World between Available Capabilities and Underdeveloped Reality, Journal of the Geographical Society, 1987, p. 123.

-Mathel Arif Abdel Razzaq, Fish Wealth and its Role in Food Security in Iraq, PhD thesis (unpublished), College of Education for Human Sciences, Tikrit University, Tikrit, 2015, pp. 194-195.

- www.annajah.net.

-Abbas Fadel Al-Saadi, Geographical Analysis of the Problem of Arab Food Security, Journal of the Iraqi Geographical Society, Volume 11, Al-Ani Press, Baghdad, 1980, p. 201.

-Hassan Abdul Qadir Saleh, The Food Problem in the World and the Arab World, first edition, Amman-Jordan, 1973, p. 119.

-Muhammad Samir Mustafa, The Food Problem in the Arab World, Reality and Future, Arab Future Magazine, Center for Arab Unity Studies in Beirut, Issue 3, 1979, p. 90.

-Jnad Mubaraka, The Problem of Food Security and Achieving Self-Sufficiency in Algeria, New Economy Journal, Volume 14, Issue 1, 2023, p. 435.

-League of Arab States, Arab Organization for Agricultural Development, Arab Food Security Conditions for the Year 1991, Arab Organization for Agricultural Development Press, Khartoum, 1992, p. 54.

-Mathil Arif Abdel Razzaq Al-Saeed, Fish Wealth and its Role in Food Security in Iraq, PhD thesis (unpublished), College of Education for Human Sciences, Tikrit University, Tikrit, 2015, p. 211.

-Tariq Ahmed Khamas Al-Bayati, Population Growth and Food Budget in Kirkuk Governorate, doctoral thesis (unpublished), College of Education for Human Sciences, Tikrit University, 2023, p. 142.

-We relied on the population growth equation r=√(t&p1)/po-1×100 (where growth rate r=, difference between years t=, current year p1=, base year po= see: Taha Hammadi Al-Hadithi, Population Geography, ed. Third, Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, University of Mosul, 2011, p. 308.

-Republic of Iraq, Ministry of Planning, Authority for Statistics and Geographic Information Systems, Salah al-Din Statistics Directorate, Tikrit, 2023 AD, unpublished data.

-Adnan Attiya Muhammad Al-Faraji, Poultry production and its variation in Iraq and its role in food security, doctoral thesis (unpublished), University of Baghdad, College of Arts, Department of Geography, 2004, p. 265.

-Abdul Ghafour Ibrahim Ahmed, Food Security in Iraq and its Future Requirements, first edition, Yarmouk Press, Baghdad, 1999, pp. 267-323.

-Abbas Fadel Al-Saadi, Food Security in Iraq - Reality and Ambition, University of Mosul, Mosul, 1990, pp. 180-183.

(*) The equation for extracting future expectations: p1=po(1+r) n/ where growth rate=r / subsequent census= p1/ previous census= po / number of years= n. Source: Taha Hammadi Al-Hadithi, Population Geography, Mosul University Press, Mosul, 1988, p. 89.