دراسة أثر أزمة المياه في ظل التغيرات المناخية وانعكاسها على طبيعة ونمط العلاقات (العراقية - التركية)
الشريط الجانبي للمقالة
محتوى المقالة الرئيسي
الملخص
تتناول الدراسة موضوعاً من الموضوعات ذات الأهمية الحيوية والتي تمثل تحدياً أساسياً ذا أبعاد سياسية واقتصادية وأمنية, فالعلاقات الدولية لم تعد تعتمد على التطور التاريخي والحضاري أو الجوار الجغرافي او التشابه الديني بين الدول فحسب, بل أصبحت مسار العلاقات والسياسات بين الدول. إذ تمثل العلاقات المائية لمياه نهري دجلة والفرات بين كل من تركيا والعراق وسوريا نموذجاً لأزمه المياه في الشرق الاوسط ككل, فنحن ازاء أطراف عربية وأخرى غير عربية, دول منبع ودول مصب, فتركيا باعتبارها دولة المنبع تمتلك ميزة جغرافية واستراتيجية وسيطرة شبه كاملة على كلً من هذين النهرين في مواجهة دولتي المجرى والمصب (سوريا والعراق), ويعد انعدام التعاون بين دول نهري دجلة والفرات ومحاولة كل دولة بالاستئثار بالمياه, وعدم وجود مصالح مشتركة أو اتفاقيات دولية ملزمة تنظم الاستخدام المشترك للمياه من أهم الاسباب التي ستؤدي الى توتر العلاقات بين تركيا والدول العربية والتي يأتي في مقدمتها سوريا والعراق, يضاف الى ذلك الوجود الإسرائيلي وطموحاته المائية في المنطقة. ومن هنا سيحاول البحث استكشاف واستعراض الموقف المائي في دول الشرق الأوسط ولاسيما العراق وأثر ذلك على تطور العلاقات بينه وبين تركيا ودول المنطقة.
المقاييس
تفاصيل المقالة
هذا العمل مرخص بموجب Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
المراجع
First: Arabic books:
- Galal Moawad, The Euphrates Water Problem, Economic, Political and Legal Developments and Aspects, Cairo University, Cairo, 1991.
- Habib Ateb, Water in the Middle East, Centers for Political and Strategic Studies in Al-Ahram, Cairo.1996.
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Scientific theses and thesis:
- Fathi Ali Hussein, Water Resources and Regional Relations in the Middle East, Master Thesis, Faculty of Administration, Economics and Political Science, Cairo University, 1994.
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periodicals:
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- Jamal Ali Zahran, Issues of Arab Regional Borders, the Northern and Eastern Borders, International Politics, Issue 104, Cairo, April 1991.
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Reports, studies and documents:
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- Ajia Younan, a comparative study between the High Dam and the Euphrates Dam, Institute of Arab Research and Studies, Special Studies Series No. 5, Cairo, 1997.
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Seminars and conferences:
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- The Second Arab Symposium on Water Resources and Use in the Arab World, Arab Center for Studies of Arid Zones and Dry Lands (ACSAD), Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development and Kuwait Fund for Arab Economic Development, Kuwait March 8-10, 1997.
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المصادر باللغة الانكليزية
-Adel, Water wars, Bulloch John. And Darwish cominz conflicts in the Middls East , victor Collance, London, 1993.p.59.
-Environmental Diplomay , The Environment and US Foreign Policy,. The U.S Deparment of State ,s Le premier rapport sur lEuritonnement et al Politique , rangeree, Water Resources ,P.12
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-Thomas Naff and R .C. Matson, Water in the Middle East: conflict or cooperation boulder, colo, West view press, 1984 ,p,236..
- Howell, Paul, East Africa m s Water Requirements;The Equatorial Nile Proiect and the Nile Waters Agreement of 1929, Cambridge University Press. 1994.p.86.
- J.A.Allan, lrrigated Agricultura in the development in middle East, the future , lnagr iculture development in middle East. New York; John Wiley and sone. 1985.p.150.