Main Article Content

Muneer Owid Mohsen Mirae
Munerowid@gmail.Com

Abstract

   The study focused on the US position on the Palestinian issue during the reign of President George W. Bush and the developments in the political arena in the Arab region in general and Palestine in particular. The USA was subjected to terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001. He drew the attention of George W. Bush on the Palestinian issue and cooperated with Israel in pressuring Palestine and his cooperation with Israel in pressuring Palestine and calling for the establishment of two Palestinian and Israeli states. The US president, even the road map and the Annapolis conference, are all on paper, and it is no surprise that the US policy towards the Palestinian issue is pro-Israel in the period of the study and the previous periods. The American position is the same.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Article Details

How to Cite
Mohsen Mirae, M. O. (2020). George W. Bush and developments in the Palestinian issue2001-2007. Journal of Tikrit University for Humanities, 27(6), 302–327. https://doi.org/10.25130/jtuh.27.6.2020.14
Section
Articles

References

Ahmad Abu Dayyeh, the reform process in the institutions of the Palestinian National Authority, Palestinian Center for Political and Survey Research, on the website:

Ahmed Jamil Yusuf, The American Position on the Establishment of the Palestinian State from Clinton to Obama 1993–2012, Master Thesis, Department of Political Science, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Al-Azhar University, Gaza, 2014

Ahmad Jawad Salem: American Foreign Policy Toward the Palestinian Issue 2001 _ 2008, Unpublished Master Thesis, Department of History, College of Arts and Humanities, Al-Azhar University, Gaza, 2009, p. 40

Ahmed Hamad Yusuf al-Qar'i, Beirut Summit Initiative and the Countdown to the Manama Summit, Al-Ahram Center for Political and Strategic Studies, International Politics Journal, Issue 151, January 2003.

Ahmed Ezz El-Din, The Age of Decline of Imperialism, First Edition, Madbouly Library, Cairo, 2006.

United Nations, General Assembly, Official Records - Fifty-eighth Session, Report of the Secretary-General on the Work of the Organization, No. (A / 58/1), United Nations, New York, 2003.

Odo Zawter: Presidents of the United States of America from 1789 to the present day, 1st edition, Dar Al Hikma, London, 2006.

John Mearsheimer and Stephen Walt, The Israel Lobby and American Foreign Policy, 1st floor, translation: Basel Antoine, Publications for Distribution and Publishing, Beirut, 2007.

Khaled Hammad Ahmad, The Policy of the United States of America Toward the Arab (Israeli) Peace Process, 1973-2013, Master Thesis, Department of Political Science, College of Arts and Sciences, Middle East University, 2014.

The Road Map Plan, April 30, 2003, Palestinian National Information Center,

Adel Suleiman, Has the Palestinian cause become a seasonal phenomenon ?, Al-Arabi Al-Jadeed newspaper, March 2, 2017.

Atef El-Ghamry, The American Drift in the Middle East, El-Shorouk Library, 1st Floor, Cairo, 2001,

Abdul Rahman Jadoua Al-Tamimi: Iraq's official and popular position on the Arab (Israeli) confrontations, 1947_1979, 1st floor, Dar Al-Moataz for Publishing and Distribution, Amman, 2016.

Abdel Nasser Mohamed Sorour, The American Attitude Toward the Jerusalem Issue 1967_2009,

Abdel-Wahab Al-Kayali, The Political Encyclopedia, 1st edition, The Politics Foundation, Beirut, 1979.

Azzam Shaath, American Policies on the Question of the Palestinian State After the Palestinian Agreement - The (Israel) J, The Arab Democratic Center for Strategic, Political and Economic Studies, Berlin.

Azzam Shaath, International Attitudes Toward the Question of the Palestinian State After Oslo, Unpublished Master Thesis, Institute of Arab Research and Studies, League of Arab States, Cairo, 2008.

Emad Gad, 2003 (Israeli) Elections, Security First, 1st Floor, Al-Ahram Center for Political and Strategic Studies, Cairo, 2003, p. 21;

Imad Gad, The Palestinian Cause and the Repercussions of the September 11 Attacks, International Politics Journal, Issue 147, Cairo, January 2002.

Ken Booth and Tim Dune, Colliding Worlds - Terrorism and the Future of the World Order, 2nd edition, translation and preparation of the Emirates Center for Strategic Study and Research, Abu Dhabi, 2005.

Muhammad Noufal Ahmad, American Foreign Policy Towards the Establishment of the Palestinian State 2001_2008, Master Thesis, Department of Political Science, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Al-Azhar University, Gaza, 2010.

The Center for Research and Political Studies at Cairo University, 1st edition, Edited by: Nadia Mahmoud Mostafa, Center for Arab Unity Studies, Beirut, February 2004.

Nadia Mostafa, American Public Diplomacy toward the Arab World, Editor: Moataz Bellah Abdel-Fattah, Dialogue of Civilizations Program, Faculty of Economics and Political Science, Cairo University, 2007.

Results and implications of the Annapolis Conference on Peace in the Middle East, Center for Middle Eastern Studies, Amman, Jordan,

Naseer Aruri and others, Arabs and the World after September 11, Center for Arab Unity Studies, 2nd edition, Beirut, 2002,

The Lebanese Newspaper, No. 390, November 28, 2007.

Al-Ahram newspaper, July 12, 2001.

Al-Ahram newspaper, July 12, 2001.

Al-Ahram newspaper, January 12, 2014.

Al-Ahram newspaper, February 15, 2001.

The Egyptian newspaper, Al-Ahram, the first of November 2001.

Al-Ahram newspaper, No. 41942, October 6, 2001.

Emirates newspaper, Al-Bayan, June 3, 2002.

The Kuwaiti newspaper, No. 154, on November 28, 2007.

The London Life Newspaper, 6th of February 2002.

Al-Nahar Newspaper, November 27, 2007.

The Kuwaiti electronic newspaper, Elaf, on November 28, 2007.

Al-Rai Al-Youm Newspaper, November 9, 2014.

Al-Rai Al-Youm Newspaper, November 9, 2014.

The Journal of Palestinian Studies, Vol. 12, No. 47, 2001.

The Journal of Palestinian Studies, Volume 12, No. 48, 2001, p. 180.

Journal of Palestine Studies, Volume 13, No. 49, 2002, p. 175.

The Journal of Palestinian Studies, Volume 13, No. 51, 2002.

Lebanese National Defense Magazine, Issue 43, January 2003.

Al-Wasat Magazine: Issue 63, Cairo, April 26, 2004, p. 180;

Journal of Arab Affairs, No. 159, 2002.

Robert o freedman, The Bush Administration, MERIA, vol 1, 2005.

Encyclopedia Britannica Library (C.D), Chicago,2014.

George W. Bush, "Remarks Prior to Discussions with Prime Minister Ariel Sharon of Israel with Exchange of Reports." The American Presidency Project (March 20, 2001) on:

https://www.pcpsr.org/sites/default/files/ahmadbudaye.pdf

Nathan J. Brown, The Palestinian Reform Agenda, Washington, DC, United States Institute of Peace, Peace works, No. 48,2002. Robert G. Kaiser, "Bush and Sharon Nearly Identical on Mideast Policy, "Washington Post "February 9, 2003.

Wendy S. Ross, "Bush Discusses Mitchel Report with Leaders of Egypt and Jordan", Washington File, 22 May 2001.