The Holy Quran

First: Books

- Al-Shafi'i's Manners and Virtues, by Abu Muhammad Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Hatim al-Razi (d. 327 AH), Dar al-Kutub al-'Ilmiyya, Beirut, Lebanon, 1st edition, 1424 AH - 2003 CE.

- Selection of the Virtues of the Three Imams of Jurisprudence (Malik, al-Shafi'i, and Abu Hanifa, may God be pleased with them) and Mention of Selected Narrations from Their History and the History of Their Companions to Introduce Their Exalted Status, by Abu Umar, Yusuf ibn Abd al-Barr al-Namri al-Qurtubi (d. 463 AH), Dar al-Kutub al-'Ilmiyya, Beirut, 1st edition, 1350 AH.

- Al-Idah fi 'Ulum al-Balaghah (al-Qazwini), by al-Khatib al-Qazwini (d. 739 AH): Explanation, Commentary, and Revision by Dr. Muhammad Abd al-Mun'im Khafaji, Dar al-Kitab al-Lubnani, 5th edition, 1980 CE.

- Al-Idah fi Ulum al-Balaghah (Clarification in the Sciences of Rhetoric), by Muhammad ibn Abd al-Rahman ibn Umar, Abu al-Ma'ali, Jalal al-Din al-Qazwini al-Shafi'i, known as Khatib Dimashq (d. 739 AH), edited by Muhammad Abd al-Mun'im Khafaji, Dar al-Jil,

- Buhuth fi al-Khitab al-Iqna'i (Researches in Persuasive Discourse), by Muhammad al-Abd, Dar al-Fikr al-Arabi, n.p., 1999 CE: 69.

- Badi' al-Qur'an (The Eloquence of the Qur'an), by Ibn Abi al-Isba', edited by Hafni Muhammad Sharaf, Nahdat Misr, 1st edition, n.d.

- Al-Badi' fi 'Ilm al-Badi' (The Eloquence in the Science of Rhetoric), by Yahya ibn Mu'ti, edited by Muhammad Mustafa Abu Sharib, Dar al-Wafa', Alexandria, 1st edition, 2003.

- Al-Badi' wa al-Tawazi (Rhetoric and Parallelism), by Abd al-Wahid Hasan, Maktabat al-Isha'a, 1st edition, Alexandria, 1999 CE.

- The Rhetoric of Discourse and Textual Science, Salah Fadl, Alam Al-Ma'rifah, Kuwait, Issue 164, 1992.

-The Rhythmic Structure in Al-Jawahiri's Poetry, Miqdad Muhammad Shukr, Qasim Dar Dijlah, 1st ed., 2008.

-The History of Damascus, Ibn Asakir, Abu al-Qasim Ali ibn al-Hasan ibn Hibat Allah, edited by Amr ibn Gharama al-Amrawi, Dar al-Fikr for Printing, Publishing and Distribution, Damascus, 1995.

-The Refinement of Expression, Ibn Abi al-Isba', edited by Hafni Muhammad Sharaf, Cairo, 1995.

- Analysis of Poetic Discourse: The Phonetic Structure in Poetry, Muhammad al-Amri, Al-Dar al-Alamiyya lil-Kitab, Casablanca, 1st ed., 1990.

- Tahdhib al-Tahdhib, by Abu al-Fadl Ahmad ibn Ali ibn Hajar Shihab al-Din al-Asqalani al-Shafi'i (733 AH - 852 AH), Al-Risalah Foundation, Beirut, 1st edition, 1435 AH - 2014 CE.

- The Dialectic of Concealment and Manifestation: Structural Studies in Poetry, by Kamal Abu Deeb, Dar al-Ilm lil-Malayin, Beirut, 1st edition, 1979 CE.

- A Collection of Stories about al-Shafi'i and Others, by al-Ajurri, Muhammad ibn al-Husayn ibn Abdullah, edited by Abu Hashim Ibrahim ibn Mansur al-Hashimi al-Amir, Dar al-Basha'ir al-Islamiyyah, 1st edition, 2010 CE, Beirut.

- Jawahir al-Alfaz, by Qudamah ibn Ja'far; Qudamah ibn Ja'far ibn Qudamah ibn Ziyad al-Baghdadi, Abu al-Faraj, Maktabat al-Khanji - Matba'at al-Sa'adah, 1st edition, 1350 AH/1932 CE. 18. The Life of Artistic Consciousness, translated by Nawfal Niyouf Georgi Ganshev, *Alam al-Ma'rifah* magazine, issue 67.

*Diwan al-Imam al-Shafi'i*, by Abu Abdullah Muhammad ibn Idris ibn al-Abbas ibn Uthman ibn Shafi' ibn Abd al-Muttalib ibn Abd Manaf al-Muttalibi al-Qurashi al-Makki al-Shafi'i (d. 204 AH), Al-Azhar Colleges Library - Cairo, 2nd edition, 1405 AH - 1985 CE.

*Al-Risalah*, by al-Shafi'i, Muhammad ibn Idris, edited by Ahmad Muhammad Shakir, Dar al-Kutub al-'Ilmiyyah, Beirut, 2022 CE.

*Al-Shafi'i*, by Muhammad Abu Zahra, Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Mustafa ibn Ahmad, known as Abu Zahra (d. 1394 AH), Dar al-Fikr al-'Arabi, (n.d.), (n.p.).

*The Poetry of al-Shafi'i*, by Dr. Mujahid Bahjat Mustafa, Directorate of Dar al-Kutub for Printing and Publishing, University of Mosul, 1986 CE.

The Science of Rhetoric, Abdul Aziz Atiq, Dar al-Nahda al-Arabiya, Beirut, 1st ed., 1985.

Issues in Contemporary Poetry, Nazik Sadiq al-Mala'ika (d. 1428 AH), Dar al-Ilm lil-Malayin, P.O. Box 1085, Beirut, Telex: 23166, Lebanon, 5th ed. (n.d.).

Issues in Poetics, Jakobson, translated by Muhammad al-Wali and Mubarak Hannoun, Literary Knowledge Series, Dar Toubkal, Casablanca, 1st ed., 1981.

Lisan al-Arab, Ibn Manzur, Muhammad ibn Mukarram ibn Ali, Abu al-Fadl, Jamal al-Din ibn Manzur al-Ansari, Dar Sader, Beirut, 3rd ed., 1414 AH.

Poetic Language: A Study of the Poetry of Hamid Saeed, Muhammad Kanouni, Dar al-Shu'un al-Thaqafiyya al-'Amma, Baghdad, 1997.

Al-Mathal al-Sa'ir, Ibn al-Athir, edited by Ahmad al-Hawfi, (n.d.), Dar al-Nahda, Egypt.

Majalis Tha'lab, Ahmad ibn Yahya, edited by Abd al-Salam Harun, Cairo: Dar al-Ma'arif, 1956.

Madakhil ila 'Ilm al-Jamal (Introductions to the Science of Aesthetics), Abd al-Mun'im Talima, Cairo: Dar al-Thaqafa, 1st edition, 1978.

Al-Misbah al-Munir fi Gharib al-Sharh al-Kabir (The Illuminating Lamp on the Rare Words of the Great Commentary), Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Ali al-Fayyumi al-Hamawi, Abu al-'Abbas (d. c. 770 AH), al-Maktabah al-'Ilmiyyah, Beirut, (n.d.).

Ma'ani al-Qur'an (The Meanings of the Qur'an), Yahya ibn Ziyad al-Qurra', edited by Ahmad Yusuf Najati and Muhammad Ali al-Najjar, p. 1/285. Ahmad ibn Yahya, Majalis Tha'lab, edited by Abd al-Salam Harun, Cairo: Dar al-Ma'arif, 1956 CE.

- Ma'ani al-Qur'an, Abu Zakariya Yahya ibn Ziyad ibn Abd Allah ibn Manzur al-Daylami al-Farra' (d. 207 AH), edited by Ahmad Yusuf al-Najati, Muhammad Ali al-Najjar (d. 1385 AH), and Abd al-Fattah Ismail al-Shalabi, Dar al-Misriyyah for Authorship and Translation, Egypt, 1st edition, (n.d.).

- Mu'jam al-Mustalahat al-Balaghiyyah wa Tatawwuruha, Ahmad Matlub, Maktabat Lubnan Nashirun, Beirut, 2nd edition, 1996 CE.

- Mu'jam al-Mustalahat al-'Arabiyyah fi al-Lughah wa al-Adab, Majdi Wahba and Kamil al-Muhandis, Beirut: Maktabat Lubnan Nashirun, 2nd edition, 1984, p. 126.

- Miftah al-'Ulum (Key to the Sciences), by Imam Abu Ya'qub Yusuf ibn Abi Bakr Muhammad ibn 'Ali al-Sakkaki, edited and explained by Professor Na'im Zarzur, Dar al-Kutub al-'Ilmiyyah, Beirut, first edition, 1983.

- Manaqib al-Shafi'i (Virtues of al-Shafi'i), by al-Bayhaqi, Abu Bakr Ahmad ibn al-Husayn, edited by Sayyid Ahmad Saqr, Dar al-Turath Library, Cairo, first edition, 1970.

Second: Treatises and Dissertations

(1) The Treatise on Rhetoric and Stylistics, by Dr. Muhammad Salah Zaki Abu Hamidah, on al-Sakkaki's work (PhD dissertation).

Third: Periodicals

- The Phenomenon of Balance in al-Shafi'i's Poetry, by Dr. 1. Abdul Rahim Muhammad Al-Habil, Al-Quds Open University Journal for Research and Studies, Issue (33), 2014.

Expressive Phenomena in the Diwan of Imam Al-Shafi'i: An Open Approach, Muhammad Ismail Hassouna, Proceedings of the Imam Al-Shafi'i Conference, Al-Aqsa University, May 2012.

A Rhetorical Reading of the Diwan of Imam Al-Shafi'i, Nu'man Sha'ban Alwan, Journal of the Islamic University, Volume 19, Issue 2, June 2011.