العجز المائي في دول العالم الثالث(العراق انموذجا)
الشريط الجانبي للمقالة
محتوى المقالة الرئيسي
الملخص
العجز المائي هو عدم كفاية المنطقة بالموارد المائية اللازمة لاستدامتها واجه العراق تحدياً خطيرا للمياه في الانهار الرئيسية، (دجلة والفرات) جراء الإدارة المائية الخاطئة، وسياسات دول الجوار المائية، لاسيما تركيا وإيران. وازدادت خطورة هذه المشكلة مع التباينات المناخية، وبالتالي فإنّ مشكلة المياه تقود إلى مشكلات اقتصادية وسياسية اجتماعية، وقد تتحول إلى مشكلة جيوسياسية.
تفاقمت المشكلة لأسباب عديدة تمثلت بسوء الإدارة المائية فضلا عن تزايد السكان الذي بدروه يؤدي الى قلة حصة نصيب الفرد من المياه، كانت المياه مثار للنزاعات بين الدول المشتركة وهذا ما نجده بين تركيا والعراق وايران وسبب هذا الاشتراك المائي الى تراجع في الإمدادات المائية من دول المنبع، وتأثيرها السلبي على دول المصب ، تبنى العراق العديد من الحلول المناسبة التي تكفل بالحفاظ على المياه وتنميتها.
المقاييس
تفاصيل المقالة
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