التجارة الخارجية للعراق وأثرها على قوة الدولة الاقتصادية
الشريط الجانبي للمقالة
محتوى المقالة الرئيسي
الملخص
باتت القوة الاقتصادية اليوم احد اهم اشكال قوة الدولة ومؤشرات قياسها وفق منهج قياس قوة الدولة وتعد التجارة الخارجية بجميع مؤشراتها معيارا مهما للقياس من منظور الجيوبوليتيك ويهدف هذا البحث الى اظهار دور الميزان التجاري للعراق في رفد الناتج المحلي الإجمالي وامكانية تنويع الصادرات دون الاعتماد على سلعة واحدة او عدد قليل من السلع والتخلص من اشكالية الاقتصاد الريعي احادي الجانب وهي احدى المشاكل التي تواجه هيكل الاقتصاد العراقي وتؤثر في سماته الجيوبوليتيكية بالمقارنة مع الدول غير النفطية التي تمتاز بتنوع صادراتها الخارجية ..اوضح البحث اعتماد الاقتصاد العراقي والناتج المحلي وميزان المدفوعات والانفاق العام على صادرات النفط الخام العراقي وبنسبة عالية جدا تصل الى 95% من اجمالي الناتج المحلي الاجمالي وهذا يمثل نقطة ضعف في مجال قياس قوة الدولة
المقاييس
تفاصيل المقالة
هذا العمل مرخص بموجب Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
المراجع
Al-Khalaf, Jassim Muhammad, Iraq’s Natural, Economic, and Human Geography, Cairo, 1965, p. 1.
Al-Janabi, Dr. Salah Hamid, Dr. Saadi Ali Ghalib, The Regional Geography of Iraq, Dar Al-Kitab for Printing and Publishing, Mosul, 1992.
Zahran, Jamal Ali, An Approach to Measuring the Power of States and the Prospects of the Development of the Arab-Israeli Conflict, Beirut, Lebanon, 2006.
Sakhri, Omar, Macroeconomic Analysis, Office of University Publications, Algeria, 2000.
Abdel Nasser, Gamal, The Economic Dictionary, Dar Osama for Publishing and Distribution, Amman, 2006.
Musa, Harbi Muhammad, Principles of Economics, Microeconomics and Macroeconomics, Zahran Publishing and Distribution House, Amman, second edition, 1997.
Nassif, Iman Attia, Hisham Mohamed Emara, Principles of International Economics, Dar Al-Fath for Artistic Binding, Alexandria, 2008.
Sobzi, Paul, from the national economy to the global economy. The role of multinational companies, a group of researchers, translated by Afif Al-Razzaz, Arab Research Foundation, Beirut.
Ismail, Muhammad Abdo Saeed, multinational companies and their future in developing countries with reference to Egypt, 1 doctoral dissertation, Faculty of Law, Ain Shams University, 1986.
Ben Taleb, Fatima Al-Zahraa, The Impact of Changing the Exchange Rate on the Trade Balance, An Econometric Study of Algerian Life, (1970-2010), Master’s Thesis in Economic Sciences (unpublished), University of Biskra, Algeria, 2013.
Shweiti, Baydaa Jabbar, The role of foreign trade in economic development in Iraq after 2003, Master’s thesis (unpublished), Al-Mustansiriya University, 2015.
Khalifa, Bryce, An Analytical and Analytical Study of the Trade Balance in Algeria during the Period (1970-2010), Master’s Thesis for the Department of Economic Sciences, Specialization in Economic Analysis, University of Algiers 2013.
Hajira, Abdel Jalil, The impact of exchange rate changes on the trade balance, Algeria case study, Master’s thesis, Abu Bakr University, Algeria, 2012.
Al-Amin, Dr. Abdul Wahab, economic policy aimed at compensating imports and encouraging exports, Journal of Administrative and Economic Research, University of Baghdad, first issue 1975.
Ibrahim Muhammad Abdullah, The impact of applying protected accounting standards on Iraq’s relationship with foreign companies, a comparative analytical study of some Iraqi and international companies in extractive industries, Journal of the University of Baghdad College of Economic Sciences, Volume, Issue 51, 2017.
Jawaid, Raed Fadel, Modern Theories in Foreign Trade, Adab Al-Farahidi Magazine, Issue (15), June 2013.
Arab Investment and Export Guarantee Corporation, Arab Foreign Trade and Performance and Development Indicators, Thirty-One Year, Second Quarterly Issue, April 2013.
Ministry of Planning, Central Bureau of Statistics, available at http://cosit.gov.iq
Ministry of Water Resources, General Authority of Survey, Map Production Department, Digital Unit, Administrative Map of Iraq at a scale of 1/10000000, Baghdad 2019.
Al-Baalbaki, Mounir, “The Trade Balance,” Al-Mawrid Encyclopedia, Rural Knowledge Network Encyclopedia, (1991). Archived from the original on March 30, 2020. Retrieved June 2021
The Trade Balance and the Economy of Resistance, the Syrian newspaper Al-Thawra, archived copy 06-05-2021 on the Wayback Machine website
Tweet by Ramez Hashem Mohsen, available at http://www.uobabylon.edu./uobcoleges/lecture.aspx?fid=11&lcid=42077, accessed on June 2021.
Al-Omari, Dr. Ghassan Issa, ethical dilemmas and their impact on the decline in the objectives of multinational companies’ operations, research submitted to participate in the Seventh International Scientific Conference entitled: The Repercussions of the Global Economic Crisis on Business Organizations. Challenges. Opportunities. Horizons, in the period between 10-11/11/2009.