الأهمية الاقتصادية لخط (كركوك ــــ جيهان) النفطي بعد الحرب الامريكية الإيرانية سنة 2025

Abstract

The research begins with a central problem: the closure of the Strait of Hormuz, the primary route for Iraqi oil exports. This prompted Iraq to seek alternatives foremost among them the Iraq-Turkey pipeline as the primary issue gave rise to secondary ones, such as the geoeconomic significance of the Iraq-Turkey pipeline following the US-Iran war. The hypothesis was formulated to address the research problem in light of current realities; the importance of the Iraq-Turkey pipeline has grown, particularly following the tensions in the Strait of Hormuz, making it the most viable alternative at present. The study employs a historical approach to trace the pipeline's origins and the factors influencing the continuity or suspension of pumping operations. Additionally, a descriptive approach is used to outline the pipeline's route and capacity, while an analytical approach is applied to assess its impact on the economy and oil revenues. The research reached several conclusions, the most significant being that the war and its accompanying economic repercussions, such as the closure of the strait restored the geoeconomic importance of the Kirkuk-Ceyhan pipeline; the operational export target for the line shifted from 170,000–200,000 barrels per day to 750,000. It concluded with several proposals, most notably the rehabilitation and development of the Banias pipeline—running through Syria—as soon as possible to support the Turkish pipeline via Ceyhan.