The Emigration of Scientific Talent from Iraq (1940–2003)
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Abstract
The emigration of scientific talent, commonly referred to as brain drain, has become one of the most pressing socio-economic challenges facing Iraq. Beyond representing a significant loss of highly qualified human capital, it has also emerged as a major obstacle to sustainable development by depriving the country of the expertise and professional capabilities required to support economic and social progress. This study examines the phenomenon of Iraqi scientific talent emigration and explores the principal factors contributing to it, including the limited capacity of national institutions to absorb highly qualified professionals, the weak alignment between the education system and development needs, and the political instability that has characterised the country over several decades. These interrelated factors have accelerated the outflow of skilled professionals, resulting in substantial losses across scientific, educational, economic, cultural, social, and military sectors. The study highlights the urgent need to establish an enabling environment capable of retaining national talent and harnessing its expertise to advance Iraq's long-term development.
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