العوامل الاقتصادية والاجتماعية المؤثرة في توطن صناعة الطاقة الشمسية في مركز ناحية الزاب

Abstract

Economic and social factors are the primary drivers behind the reliance on solar energy to provide electricity for homes, government buildings, and the agricultural and industrial sectors. This economic growth is a result of the security and economic stability the country has experienced in recent years. This stability has led to increased awareness of using solar energy as an alternative to generators to address the shortfall left by the national power grid. Furthermore, there is growing social awareness regarding its proper use and maintenance, gained from the experiences of countries that rely on renewable energy and reduce energy costs in the long term. This awareness also stems from understanding the prices of solar energy in its original source and how it is transported and installed. Field research in Al-Zab district revealed that reliance on private generators decreased by half by 2025, reaching 5323 amps, compared to 10280 amps in 2024. This represents a 52% decrease in generator subscriptions due to the community's shift towards solar energy, drawn by its efficiency and convenience. This has increased demand for solar energy throughout the country, particularly in the Hawija district and its surrounding areas. Community awareness and acceptance, along with individuals' desire for change and a desire to reduce reliance on generators, minimize visual and noise pollution, and absorb skilled labor, particularly in panel installation, connection, and maintenance, through contracts with solar energy companies and small groups of seven to ten people, have all contributed to the increased use of solar energy in the area.