The Effect of RADEC Learning Model on EFL University Students' Creative Reading Skills
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Creative reading skills are essential for EFL university students in modern education. However, the effect of RADEC learning model on enhancing these skills remains unclear. Therefore, this study aims at finding out the effect of applying RADEC learning model on EFL students’ creative reading skills and whether there is a statistically significant difference between students' achievement at recognition and production levels in the posttest. A pre-posttest two-equivalent-group design is used. The sample consists of 60 second-year students from the Department of English, College of Education for Humanities, University of Tikrit, during 2025–2026. Participants are randomly assigned equally to an experimental group and a control group. The groups are equalized in age, parents’ educational level, previous achievement in English, and pretest scores. Both groups are taught the same material for eight weeks by the researcher. The experimental group uses RADEC learning model, while the control group uses the conventional method. An achievement posttest is constructed, validated, and applied. Finally, the Findings reveal that RADEC model is significantly more effective than the conventional method in enhancing EFL students’ creative reading skills. Based on the results, several conclusions, recommendations, and suggestions for future studies are presented.
Metrics
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
Ali, F. A., & Mousa, M. O. (2023). The effect of story maps strategy on Iraqi EFL preparatory school students' creative thinking. Journal of Tikrit University for Humanities, 30(11), 27–47. https://doi.org/10.25130/jtuh.30.11.2.2023.23
Al Qatnani, A. (2017). The effect of a program based on thinking maps and multiple intelligences on improving critical and creative reading skills among Jordanian tenth grade students. http://search.mandumah.com/Record/870491
Azis, L., & Asih, T. (2022). Media pembelajaran biologi berbasis Adobe Animated menggunakan model RADEC materi sistem respirasi kelas XI. Bioedukasi: Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi, 13(1), 59. https://doi.org/10.24127/bioedukasi.v13i1.5305
Andini, S. R., & Fitria, Y. (2020). Pengaruh model RADEC pada pembelajaran tematik terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik sekolah dasar. Jurnal Basicedu, 5(3), 1435–1443. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v5i3.960
Alderson, C. (1995). Dictionary of language testing. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Baki, Y. (2020). The effect of critical reading skills on the evaluation skills of the creative reading process. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, 88, 199–224.
Best, J. W., & Kahn, J. V. (2006). Research in education (10th ed.). New Delhi.
Bruton, A., Conway, J. H., & Holgate, S. T. (2000). Reliability: What is it, and how is it measured? Physiotherapy, 86(2), 94–99.
Brown, J. D. (2002). The Cronbach alpha reliability estimate. JALT Testing & Evaluation SIG Newsletter, 6(1).
Brown, H. D., & Abeywickrama, P. (2010). Language assessment: Principles and classroom practices (Vol. 10). Pearson Education.
Fuziani, I., Istianti, T., & Arifin, H. (2021). Penerapan model pembelajaran RADEC dalam merancang kegiatan pembelajaran keberagaman budaya di SD kelas IV. Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai, 5(3), 8319–8326.
Glăveanu, V. P. (2019). The creativity reader. Oxford University Press.
Good, C. V., Barr, A. S., & Douglas, E. S. (1976). The methodology of educational research. New York: D. Appleton Century Company.
Good, C. V.(1973). Dictionary of Education (3rd ed.) New York, 14.
Holden, J. (2004). Creative reading: Young people, reading and public libraries. Elizabeth House.
Henning, G. (1987). A guide to language testing. New York: Newbury.
Januaripin, M. (2024). Relevansi model pembelajaran Read–Answer–Discuss–Explain–and–Create dalam meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa. JIIP – Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan, 7(2), 2057–2063. https://doi.org/10.54371/jiip.v7i2.3226
Jordanous, A. (2012). A standardized procedure for evaluating creative systems: Computational creativity evaluation based on what it is to be creative. Cognitive Computation, 4(3), 246–279.
Kirmizi, F. S., & Kasap, D. (2017). The effect of creative reading and creative writing activities on creative writing achievement. The Journal of Limitless Education and Research, 2(1), 48–62.
Kasem, L. A. A. E., Ismail, A. M., & Elsayed, R. A. (2022). An investigation of the creative reading skills of preparatory school EFL students. Sohag University International Journal of Educational Research, 6(6), 67–74.
Mohammed, N. H., & Hameed, B. A. (2024). The effectiveness of using 3 H strategy for EFL preparatory school students' reading skills. Journal of Tikrit University for Humanities, 31(11), 67–88. https://doi.org/10.25130/jtuh.31.11.2024.25
Moorman, K., & Ram, A. (1994, August). Integrating creativity and reading: A functional approach [Paper presentation]. Proceedings of the 16th Annual Cognitive Science Conference, Atlanta, GA, United States.
Maley, A., & Peachey, N. (2015). Creativity in the English language classroom. British Council.
Masoud, M. (2014). The effectiveness of higher-order questioning techniques in developing EFL creative reading skills among secondary school students [Unpublished master's thesis]. Menoufiya University.
Moorman, K. (2013). Integrating creativity and reading a functional approach. In Proceedings of the 22 Annual Cognitive Science Conference Institute of Technology College of Computing.
Qudah, E. M., & Sa'di, I. T. (2020). The effect of the double entry journal strategy on ninth-grade students' attitudes toward it in creative reading. Jordanian Educational Journal, 6(3), 1–12.
Pohan, A. A., Abidin, Y., Sastromiharjo, A., & Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia. (2019). Model pembelajaran RADEC.
Rohmawatiningsih, W., Rachman, I., & Yayoi, K. (2021). The implementation of RADEC learning model in thematic learning to increase the concept understanding of electrical phenomenon. Momentum: Physics Education Journal, 121–131. https://doi.org/10.21067/mpej.v5i2.5412
Rayari, M. (2013). The use of local culture texts for enthusiastic English reading teaching. Ahmed Dahlan University.
Rosas, M. (2000). The level of difficulty and discrimination power of the basic knowledge and skills examinations. http://2n0.1/contents-backhoff.pdf
Ruth, S., & Marilyn, P. (2011). Creative reading: The antidote to readicide. Knowledge Quest, 39(4), 12.
Swann, J., Pope, R., & Carter, R. (Eds.). (2011). Creativity in language and literature: The state of the art. Palgrave Macmillan. https://oro.open.ac.uk/29621/
Sallam, M. A. E. R. M. (2024). The effectiveness of using mental imagery strategy in developing some EFL creative reading fluency skills among secondary school students [Master’s thesis, University of Sadat City].
Smith, E. H. (1965). Developing creative reading author. Journal of Reading, 8(4), 278–282.
Sopandi, W., & Handayani, H. (2019). The impact of workshop on implementation of Read–Answer–Discuss–Explain–And–Create (RADEC) learning model on pedagogic competency of elementary school teachers. Education Journal, 17(8), 7–11.
Sopandi, W. (2017). The quality improvement of learning processes and achievements through the Read–Answer–Discuss–Explain–And–Create learning model implementation. In Proceedings of the 8th Pedagogy International Seminar 2017: Enhancement of pedagogy in cultural toward excellence in education (pp. 129–132).
Sopandi, W. (2021). Model pembelajaran RADEC (Teori dan implementasi di sekolah) [RADEC learning model (Theory and implementation in schools)]. UPI.
Syahrin, A., Dawud, D., Suwignyo, H., & Priyatni, E. T. (2019). Creative thinking patterns in students’ scientific works. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, 81, 21–36. https://doi.org/10.14689/ejer.2019.81.2
Schunr, R., & Maramor, S. G. (2009). Reading, writing, and raising the bar: Exploring gifted and talents in literacy. International Handbook on Giftedness. http://www.springer.com
Tang, W., Cui, Y., & Babenko, O. (2014). Internal consistency: Do we really know what it is and how to assess it. Journal of Psychology and Behavioral Science, 2(2), 205–220.
Yurdakal, I. H. (2019). Examination of correlation between attitude towards reading and perception of creative reading. European Journal of Educational Research, 8(2), 443–452.