Functions of Religious Scholars and their Role in Addressing Pandemics and Social Problems Facing Egyptian Society in Hassan Al Mahathra's News of Egypt and Cairo by Jalal Adin Alseoti
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Abstract
Al-Suyuti mentioned in his book Hassan Al-Muhadhara fi Akhbar Misr wa Al-Qahira many scholars who had an impact in fighting the social epidemics that occurred in Egypt, and emphasized the principle of ethics as part of the duties of religion. Not being held accountable before the law does not mean that a person is not responsible before God for his religious and moral duty. Ethics in Islam are not a literature that beautifies its owner, but rather a religious commitment and duty. Therefore, it is rare for ethical thinking to be launched in isolation from religious beliefs. Therefore, calling for ethics and rejecting all immoral practices is one of the most important duties that fall on scholars. The research dealt with the most important epidemics that were spreading in Egypt and shed light on them through what was covered by historical sources, and mentioned the position of scholars on these epidemics, and this position was represented by writing books that combat these epidemics, including alcohol and hashish, and the authority in Egypt, especially in the Maliki era, had a major role in combating these epidemics through a set of deterrent executive measures that had a major impact in eliminating or limiting them, with a statement of the role of religious scholars' functions by stating the types of these functions in historical sources and emphasizing the functions most closely related to treating social problems and pests, such as the judiciary, hisbah, and teaching, and stating the impact of scholars on them, and this impact was evident in awareness, advice, and guidance. The research also shed light on the procedures of the ruling authority in Egypt against manifestations of corruption, which were characterized by strictness to prevent or limit these manifestations, and it cooperated in this matter with scholars because of their religious and social status among the people, and this cooperation had a fruitful impact in combating social epidemics.
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