Abdel Wahab, Fatima. (2005). The effectiveness of using some metacognitive strategies on physics achievement, development of reflective thinking, and inclination towards their use among Al-Azhar Secondary School second-grade students. Scientific Education Journal, Issue (4), Volume (8).

Abu Asr, Reda Massad Al-Saeed, (2003): Effect size, statistical methods to measure the scientific importance of scientific research results, published research, the fifteenth scientific conference of the Egyptian Association for Curricula and Teaching Methods, Volume (2), Cairo.

Al Malouth, Hessa Muhammad Amer (2019), The Impact of Transformational Learning on the Development of Mental Cognitive Processing Skills and Autonomy for Female Students of the College of Education, King Khalid University, Saudi Arabia 0 Journal of the Islamic University for Educational and Psychological Studies Volume 27, Issue 2, p. 99- 123

Al-Adwan, Shireen, and others, (2016), the effect of the Eisencraft survey model on the achievement and development of historical thinking skills among tenth grade students in history, Al-Quds Open University Journal, Issue (40).

Al-Asadi, Saeed Jassim, (2014), Philosophy of Education in University and Higher Education, 1st Edition, Dar Al-Safaa, Amman, Jordan (pp. 375-460).

Al-Attar, Mohamed Abdel-Raouf, Ibrahim Mohamed Fouda, and Eman Abdel-Mohsen Mohamed, (2015), The effect of using the problem-based learning strategy on developing problem-solving skills in science among second-grade middle school students, Journal of the Faculty of Education, Benha University, vol. 26, p. 101 .

Al-Ayasrah, Walid Rafeeq (2011), Probing and Creative Thinking, Osama House for Publishing and Distribution, Amman.

Al-Azzawi, Rahim Younis Crowe, (2008), Introduction to Scientific Research Methodology, 1st Edition, Al-Manhal Series in Educational Sciences, Dar Dijla, Amman, Jordan.

Al-Kubaisi, Kamel Thamer (1995), The effect of the difference in sample size, the statistical community on the discriminatory ability of the items of psychological measures, University of Baghdad, Ibn Rushd College.

Al-Maksousi, Adnan Mared Jabr, (2008) The effect of memory activation on information processing methods among middle school students University of Baghdad, College of Education, Ibn Rushd for Human Sciences, Department of Educational and Psychological Sciences, PhD thesis.

Al-Nashif, Hoda Mahmoud, 2003, Designing educational programs for pre-school children, Dar Al-Kitab Al-Hadith, Cairo.

Al-Otoum, Adnan Youssef (2012). Cognitive Psychology: Theory and Application, 3rd Edition, Dar Al-Masira for Publishing, Printing, and Distribution, Amman, Jordan.

Al-Yousef, Zikra Abdel-Hafez Abdel-Latif, (2009), The Impact of Metacognitive Strategies in Solving Problems among Students of Teacher Preparation Institutes, unpublished master's thesis, College of Education, University of Tikrit.

Al-Zoghbi, Amal Abdel-Mohsen, (2012), multiple intelligences and problem-solving skills among a sample of students with multiple levels of self-efficacy, Journal of the Faculty of Education, Benha University, Volume (23), Number (90).

Anastsasi،Anna&Urbina،Susana(1997):Psychological،NewJersey،Prentice Hall

Candra ،R. (2004): Fiteness and mental impact in solivin problems among middle school students، New York ،paragon، press،lnc

Dinsmore،D.L.،& Alexander،P.A.(2012).Acritical disecussion of deep and surface processing:What it means،how it is measured،the role of contex،and model specification. Educational Psychology Review،24،499-567.doi:10.1007/s10648-012-1998

Ghanayem, Amal Mohamed, (2015), The effectiveness of a computer-based training program to achieve functional integration between the two hemispheres of the brain for outstanding students in middle school and its impact on developing their ability to think creatively and critically, PhD thesis, Faculty of Education in Ismailia, Suez Canal University.

Lafi, Ahmed Hilal (2003), Building an educational strategy based on the theory of information processing and investigating its effectiveness in critical thinking skills among a sample of tenth grade students, Ph.D. thesis, College of Higher Educational Studies, Amman Arab University for Postgraduate Studies.

Majeed, Abdel-Hussein Razzouqi, and Yassin Hamid Eyal (2012) Measurement and Evaluation for University Students, Al-Yamamah Office for Printing and Publishing, Baghdad, Iraq.

Marzano, Robert, and others, (2004), dimensions of thinking, a framework for the curriculum and teaching methods, translated by: Yaqoub Hussein Nashwan and Muhammad Salih Khattab, published by the Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development, 2nd edition.

Michael, Amkanios, (1997), Measurement and Evaluation in Modern Education, Damascus University, Syria.

Mohammed, Zubeida Abbas (2021) : The Impact of an Educational Program on the Development of Emotional Creativity among Female Middle School Students. Assoc. Tikrit University Journal of Humanities, Vol. 28, Issue 5.

Najati, Muhammad Othman, (2012), psychological measurement in the field of sports, building and codifying psychological measures, the website of the Iraqi Sports Academy.

Nawfal, Muhammad Bakr, and Muhammad, Qassem Seifan, (2011), Integration of thinking skills in the academic content, 1st edition, Dar Al Masirah, Amman.

Omar, Bushra Khattab, (2019), The effect of an educational program based on the theory of brain-based learning in developing pivotal thinking skills among middle school students 0 research published in Al-Farahidi Magazine, Issue (37), Volume (2).

Qatami, Youssef Mahmoud (2013) Cognitive Theory in Learning, 1st Edition, Dar Al-Masirah for Printing, Publishing and Distribution, Amman, Jordan.

Shafiq, Muhammad, (2001), scientific research, methodological steps to prepare social research, University Library, Alexandria, Egypt. Jordan

Sitthipon، A. (2012): Development of Teachers Learning Management Emphasizing on Analytical Thinking in Thailand، Procardia ،Social and Behavioral Sciences،vol،46،pp،3339-3344.

Tong،M، Yang، Z،& Liu،Q (2010). A novel of adaptation decision- taking engine in multimedia، journal of Netwok and Computer Applications،33،(1) ،43-68.

Youssef, Suleiman Abdel-Wahed, (2013), Thinking skills for right-handed and left-handed users in the framework of the Marzano model and the effectiveness of mind maps based on activating both sides of the brain in their development among a sample of adolescents, Egyptian Journal of Psychological Studies, Volume (23), No. (80).

Zayan, Sahar Zaidan, (2016), The effectiveness of a computer-based training program in improving the skills of processing and processing information and its impact on dyslexia among primary school students. The specialized educational magazine. Volume (5), Issue (7)