Problems of the Clans of Liwa al-Amarah during the Period 1908-1914 of the Last Ottoman Era: A Documentary Study
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Abstract
Clan prpblems were a known feature of all stages of the history of Iraq under the Ottoman rule 1514-1918. Since the clans formed the majority of the population of the Iraqi society, and because of the clan system in Iraq, this study came to address the problems of the clans of Liwa al-Amarah during the period 1908-1918, specifically the two strongest and largest clans in it(Bani Lam and Albu Muhammad),which occupy the largest and most active role in the events of that period,by analyzing the motives of clan problems and the attitudes of the Ottoman authorities towards them, how to deal with them and their role in the political, social and economic aspects. In order to facilitate the study, the subject was addressed within two periods and two chronologirs in two topics. The first deals with the Government of Union and Progress and the Problems of the Clans of the Al-Amarah Brigade (1908-1910). The second studies the Government of Union and Progress and the Problems of the Clans of the Al-Amarah Brigade (1911-1914), based on what was made available to us from the published and unpublished Ottoman and British documents including a series of Ottoman history books in general and the history of Iraq and the architec ture district in particular.The study reached results that were presented in the abstract.
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References
A- Basbakanlik Osmanli Arsivi -Istanbul:
• Hariciye Nezareti Siyasi Evraki:
- HR.SYS (108/56/5) 1324ﻫ/1908م - HR.SYS (94/29) 1331ﻫ/1913م
• Dahiliye Nezareti Mektubi Kalemi: - DH.MKT (453/32) 1290ﻫ/1873م
• Dahiliye Nezareti Mutenevvia Evraki: - DH.MTV (16/37) 1332ﻫ/1914م
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- DH.SYS (26/5/15) 1326ر/1910م
- DH.SYS (26/5/19) 1327ر/1911م - DH.SYS (26/5/22) 1327ر/1911م
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- DH.SYS (26/5/38) 1327ر/1911م - DH.SYS (26/5/40) 1326ر/1910م
- DH.SYS (26/5/41) 1327ر/1911م - DH.SYS (26/5/42) 1327ر/1911م
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j- newspapers:
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- Iss.(91)9 Jul,1911. - Iss.(100)17 Sep,1911 -Iss.(95)
- Iss.- Iss.(94)30 Jul.,1913. - Iss.(95) 13Aug,1913. -Iss.(246)Jul.1914.