Main Article Content

Shahbaa Abdul-Razzaq Kareem
Shahbaa.a.kareem@tu.edu.iq

Abstract

This research aims to study the terms of time and place in the Holy Quran from a semantic and lexical perspective, revealing their linguistic and contextual meanings, demonstrating the impact of the Quranic context on shaping their meanings, and highlighting the rhetorical characteristics that distinguish their use in the Quranic style, as well as the precision of expression and beauty of imagery they achieve.


The problem addressed in this research lies in uncovering the relationship between the lexical and contextual meanings of terms of time and place in the Holy Quran, and demonstrating how these terms shift from their original meanings to other meanings dictated by the Quranic context, resulting in semantic and rhetorical dimensions that contribute to understanding the Quranic text and appreciating aspects of its miraculous nature.


The study employs a descriptive, analytical, and critical methodology by collecting the terms of time and place found in the Holy Quran, describing them, and analyzing their meanings in light of linguistic dictionaries and books of exegesis, while discussing and evaluating the opinions of linguists and exegetes. This study recommends expanding semantic and rhetorical studies of the words of the Holy Quran, focusing on linking lexical meaning to the Quranic context, and utilizing modern linguistic methodologies to uncover the dimensions of the Quranic text's rhetorical miracle.

Article Details

How to Cite
Kareem, S. A.-R. (2026). Time and Space Lexicon in the Holy Quran: A Lexical-Semantic Study. Journal of Tikrit University for Humanities, 33(10, 1), 20–39. https://doi.org/10.25130/jtuh.33.10.1.2026.02
Section
Articles

References

The Secrets of Eloquence in Qur'anic Expression, by Fadil ibn Salih ibn Mahdi ibn Khalil al-Badri al-Samarrai (n.d.(.

The Lights of Revelation and the Secrets of Interpretation, by Nasir al-Din Abu Sa'id Abdullah ibn Umar ibn Muhammad al-Shirazi al-Baydawi (d. 685 AH), edited by Muhammad Abd al-Rahman al-Marashli, Dar Ihya' al-Turath al-Arabi, Beirut, 1st edition, 1418 AH.

The Proof in the Sciences of the Qur'an, by Abu Abdullah Badr al-Din Muhammad ibn Abdullah ibn Bahadur al-Zarkashi (d. 794 AH), edited by Muhammad Abu al-Fadl Ibrahim (d. 1401 AH), 1st edition, 1376 AH - 1957 CE. 4. Taj al-'Arus min Jawahir al-Qamus (The Bride's Crown from the Jewels of the Dictionary), by Muhammad Murtada al-Husayni al-Zabidi, edited by a group of specialists (1385-1422 AH / 1965-2001 CE). Parts of it were reprinted by Dar al-Hidayah and Dar Ihya' al-Turath.

Tarikh al-Tabari (History of the Prophets and Kings), by Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari (d. 310 AH), edited by Muhammad Abu al-Fadl Ibrahim (d. 1401 AH), Dar al-Ma'arif, Egypt, 2nd edition, 1387 AH / 1967 CE.

Al-Tahrir wa al-Tanwir (The Liberation and Enlightenment), by Muhammad al-Tahir ibn Ashur (d. 1393 AH), Tunisian Publishing House, Tunis, 1984 CE [1404 AH]. 7. Definitions, by Ali ibn Muhammad ibn Ali al-Zayn al-Sharif al-Jurjani (d. 816 AH), Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyya, Beirut, Lebanon, 1st edition, 1403 AH - 1983 CE.

8. Tafsir al-Sa'di, by Abd al-Rahman ibn Nasir ibn Abd Allah al-Sa'di (d. 1376 AH), edited by Abd al-Rahman ibn Mu'alla al-Luwayhiq, Mu'assasat al-Risalah, 1st edition, 1420 AH - 2000 CE.

9. Tafsir al-Sha'rawi - Thoughts, by Muhammad Metwally al-Sha'rawi (d. 1418 AH), Akhbar al-Yawm Press.

10. Tafsir al-Qur'an al-'Azim, by Imad al-Din Abu al-Fida' Isma'il ibn Umar ibn Kathir al-Dimashqi (d. 774 AH), Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyya, Beirut, Lebanon, 1st edition, 1419 AH - 1998 CE. 11. The Use of Place in Qur'anic Semantic Studies: Land and Sea as a Model, Khamis Faza'a Omair Mutlaq Al-Dulaimi, *Journal of Arts, Literature, Humanities, and Social Sciences*, Volume 2016, Issue 7 (June 30, 2016).

12. *Jami' al-Bayan 'an Ta'wil Ayi al-Qur'an*, Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari (224-310 AH), edited by Dr. Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muhsin al-Turki, Dar Hajar for Printing, Publishing, Distribution, and Advertising - Cairo, Egypt, 1st edition, 1422 AH - 2001 CE.

Al-Jami' li-Ahkam al-Qur'an*, Abu Abdullah Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Ansari al-Qurtubi, edited by Ahmad al-Bardouni and Ibrahim Atfayish, Dar al-Kutub al-Misriyyah - Cairo, 2nd edition, 1384 AH - 1964 CE.

The Significance of Words, Ibrahim Anis, 5th ed., Anglo-Egyptian Library, 1984.

Semantic Time: A Linguistic Study of the Concept of Time and its Terms in Arab Culture, Karim Zaki Hussam al-Din, 2nd ed., Dar Gharib for Printing and Publishing, 2003.

Al-Sihah: The Crown of Language and the Correct Arabic, Abu Nasr Ismail ibn Hammad al-Jawhari al-Farabi (d. 393 AH), edited by Ahmad Abd al-Ghafur Attar, Dar al-Ilm lil-Malayin, Beirut, 4th ed., 1407 AH - 1987 CE.

Semantics: Its Origins and Topics in the Arab Heritage, Manqur Abd al-Jalil, Arab Writers Union, Damascus, 2001.

Al-Ayn, Abu Abd al-Rahman al-Khalil ibn Ahmad ibn Amr ibn Tamim al-Farahidi al-Basri (d. 170 AH), edited by Dr. Mahdi al-Makhzoumi and Dr. Ibrahim al-Samarrai, Dar wa Maktabat al-Hilal. 19. Linguistic Differences, by Abu Hilal al-Hasan ibn Abdullah ibn Sahl ibn Saeed ibn Yahya ibn Mihran al-Askari (d. c. 395 AH), edited and annotated by Muhammad Ibrahim Salim, Dar al-Ilm wa al-Thaqafa for Publishing and Distribution, Cairo, Egypt.

The Compendium: A Dictionary of Terms and Linguistic Differences, by Ayyub ibn Musa al-Husayni al-Quraymi al-Kafawi, Abu al-Baqa al-Hanafi (d. 1094 AH), edited by Adnan Darwish and Muhammad al-Masri, Al-Risalah Foundation, Beirut.

Lisan al-Arab, by Muhammad ibn Mukarram ibn Ali, Abu al-Fadl, Jamal al-Din Ibn Manzur al-Ansari al-Ruwayfi’i al-Ifriqi (d. 711 AH), Dar Sader, Beirut, 3rd edition, 1414 AH.

The Arabic Language: Its Meaning and Structure, by Tamam Hassan Omar, Alam al-Kutub, 5th ed., 1427 AH/2006 CE, p. 166.

Urban Society (Urban Socialization), by Abdul-Mun'im Shawqi, Dar al-Nahda al-Arabiya for Publishing and Distribution, Beirut, Lebanon, 7th ed., 1981 CE, p. 27.

Homonyms in the Qur'anic Field, by Abdul-Aal Salem Makram, Al-Risalah Foundation, Beirut, 2nd ed., 1417 AH.

Al-Misbah al-Munir fi Gharib al-Sharh al-Kabir, by Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Ali al-Fayumi al-Hamawi, Abu al-Abbas (d. c. 770 AH), Al-Maktabah al-Ilmiyya, Beirut.

Dictionary of Contemporary Arabic, by Dr. Ahmad Mukhtar Abdul-Hamid Omar (d. 1424 AH), with the assistance of a team, Alam al-Kutub, 1st ed., 1429 AH/2008 CE. 27. Al-Mu'jam al-Wasit (The Concise Dictionary), compiled by a group of linguists from the Arabic Language Academy in Cairo, Arabic Language Academy in Cairo, 2nd edition, 1972 CE.

Al-Mufradat fi Gharib al-Qur'an (Vocabulary of the Strange Words of the Qur'an), by Abu al-Qasim al-Husayn ibn Muhammad, known as al-Raghib al-Isfahani (d. 502 AH), edited by Safwan Adnan al-Dawudi, Dar al-Qalam, Dar al-Shamiyya - Damascus, Beirut, 1st edition, 1412 AH.

Maqayis al-Lughah (The Standards of Language), by Abu al-Husayn Ahmad ibn Faris ibn Zakariya (d. 395 AH), edited by Abd al-Salam Muhammad Harun, published by Mustafa al-Babi al-Halabi & Sons Library and Printing Company in Egypt, 2nd edition, (1389-1392 AH) (1969-1972 CE).