Combating Embezzlement and Its Penal Measures in al-Andalus as a Financial and Security Administrative Policy (92–422 AH / 710–1031 AC)
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Abstract
This study examines the doctrinal and practical foundations that governed the management of wealth in the Andalusian experience. It demonstrates that, within the Islamic conception, wealth is regarded as a divine blessing and a means for sustaining the interests of life rather than an end in itself. It is deemed a foundation for human livelihood (qiyām), and its utilization is intrinsically linked to the principle of stewardship (istikhlāf) and accountability. This, in turn, necessitates its preservation and development in accordance with Sharīʿah regulations, the realization of justice, and the prevention of corruption. From this perspective, the first section highlights the doctrinal objectives of wealth, emphasizing that property constitutes a trust (amānah), and that its proper management reflects a moral and creedal commitment aligned with the higher objectives of Islamic law (maqāṣid al-sharīʿah) in safeguarding and protecting wealth.
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