Shared Morphological Patterns in Sahih Muslim: A Morphological-Semantic Study of the Patterns (Maf'al) and (Fa'īl)
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Abstract
This study aims to uncover and elucidate genuine morphological sharing among derived nominal categories in the corpus of Sahih Imam Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj, by foregrounding two patterns — (Maf’al / Maf’il) and (Fa’īl) — as among the most semantically productive nominal forms in the Arabic morphological system. The study proceeds from an understanding of the shared morphological pattern as a morphological phenomenon embodied in a single structure capable of carrying more than one morphological meaning according to its contextual occurrence and linguistic indicators, rather than a mere phonological resemblance between two words.
The theoretical grounding of the study has established that genuine morphological sharing does not occur between nouns and verbs at the level of morphological structure, since verbs are morphologically invariable and their final vowel is not a case marker, whereas nouns are inflected for case, with the markers of nominative, accusative, and genitive successively occurring at their endings; accordingly, neither category is confused with the other in precise morphological analysis. It follows that genuine morphological sharing obtains exclusively among nominal categories intertie’s, when a single pattern is shared across multiple morphological functions and its morphological meaning is correspondingly multiple.
The study concludes that the pattern (Maf’al / Maf’il) subsumes, within its morphological structures, the noun of time, the noun of place, and the verbal noun simultaneously; and that the pattern (Fa’īl) distributes its meaning among the assimilated active participle, the passive participle, and the intensive form. In all cases, the linguistic context at its three levels — the syntactic, the semantic, and the interpretive — constitutes the sole indicator of the intended morphological category at each point of occurrence.
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