Geographical Analysis of the Road Network in the Districts of Balad and Dhuluiya
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
This research deals with the transportation system which plays an important role in the economic and social life of nations and peoples, as the road network represents one of the important elements in the transportation system. It is one of the four elements without which the transportation process cannot be completed. They are the road, the settlement, the means of transportation, and the transported materials. The network means the regularity of a group of roads in the form of a contract organized by a group of links. The aim of the research is to indicate the characteristics of the road network in the study area in 2024, the extent to which the degree of communication between urban settlements and the degree of connection and interconnection is achieved, and what centrality or mediation is achieved in the network and to know the degree of centralization of the network, its nodes, the index of road curvature, and its connection with human settlements.The research came with a number of results, as the lengths of paved roads in the study area reached 423 roads, as road maintenance works reached 180.25 km, road rehabilitation works reached 146.750 km, and paving works reached 189.600 km until 2023, and the number of rural roads is 46, with a length of 624.58 km, or 15% of the total paved roads in the study area, and thus the lengths of paved rural roads exceeded the lengths of main and secondary roads together, which are 61 km and 127 km. respectively, and by 34.7% for main roads and 13.5% for secondary roads, which indicates the importance of rural (agricultural) roads in the study area.
Metrics
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
College of Education for Humanities, TIKRIT UNIVERSITY. THIS IS AN OPEN ACCESS ARTICLE UNDER THE CC BY LICENSE http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
References
Ministry of Planning and Development Cooperation, Central Agency for Statistics and Information Technology, Annual Statistical Abstract for the year 2018, p. 14.
(2) Saeed Abdo, Foundations of Transport Geography, Anglo-Egyptian Library, Cairo, 1994, pp. 14-15.
(3) Hoda Abdul Qader Al-Khalidi, Evaluation of the Efficiency of the Transportation Network in the Mahmoudiyah Area, Master’s Thesis, Unpublished, Submitted to the Higher Institute of Urban and Regional Planning, University of Baghdad, 2005, p. 3.
(4) Abdul Ali Al-Khafaf, Geography of Transport, Communications and Trade, 1st ed., Al-Ghazi Printing House, 2005, p. 117.
(5) Muhammad Khamis Al-Zouka, Geography of Transport, Dar Al-Ma’rifah University, Alexandria, 2000, pp. 17-18.
(6) Pierre George, Dictionary of Geographical Terms, translated by Dr. Hamad Al-Tufayli, 2nd ed., University Foundation for Studies, Publishing and Distribution, Beirut, 2002, p. 176.
(7) Youssef Al-Haddad, Individual Roads and Transport Networks, a Quantitative Applied Study in Transport Geography, 1st ed., Taryounis University, Benghazi, 2002, p. 17.
(8) Khalil Ismail Muhammad, Patterns of Rural Settlement in Iraq, Al-Hawadeth Press, Baghdad, 1982, p. (425)
(9) Ali Al-Rawi, “The Transport and Communications Sector: Its Nature, Importance and Indicators of Its Development in Iraq During the War,” Oil and Development Magazine, Issue 3, Baghdad, 1988, p. 70.
(10) Saadi Ali Ghalib, Geography of Land Transport in Iraq, previous source, p. 45.
(11) Hassan Masoud Abu Madania, Libyan Ports: A Study in Economic Geography (2008), previous reference, p. 222.
(12) Muhammad Ahmad Al-Ruwaithi, The Road Network in the Medina Region: An Analytical Geographical Study, previous source, 5 p.
(13) Muhammad Ahmad Al-Ruwaithi, previous source, p. 25.
(14) Ibrahim Ali Ghanem, The Geographical Basis of the Road Network between the Cities of Qassim, Issue 152, Kuwait University and the Kuwait Geographical Society, (1993 AD), p. 15.
(15) Abu Madania, Hussein Masoud, previous source, (2008 AD), p. 223
(16) Safouh Khair, Geographical Research, Its Methods and Approaches, Dar Al-Marikh, Riyadh, 1990 AD, p. 496.
(17) Muhammad Yusuf Nimr Khatib, Land Transport in Jenin Governorate: A Geographical Study, Master’s Thesis, Unpublished) College of Graduate Studies, An-Najah National University, Nablus - Palestine 2011, pp. 104-105.
(18) Ismail Fadhel Khamis Mustafa Al-Bayati, The Role of Roads in the Growth and Distribution of Human Settlements in Tuz Khurmatu District, Unpublished Master’s Thesis, College of Education, Tikrit University 2014, p. 77.