هيرو هيتو دراسة تاريخية في سنواته الأولى 1901- 1926

Abstract

During the 1990s, academic circles in Iraq and the Arab world in general developed an interest in studying Japan's internal political situation. Impressions of Japan's Renaissance and its Foreign Relations made up the majority of the literature about it. The nation had fertile ground to embrace modernity as a concept and put it into practice. In the middle of the nineteenth century, Japan opened its doors to the West, which accelerated the end of feudalism and the Tokugawa dynasty. As a result, tools were made available to rectify the political trajectory of Japan and establish constitutional foundations upon which the government was built.         In order to establish a new Japan founded on a distinct nationalism that focused on the Emperor as the heir apparent to the gods and the source of the nation's power, the Japanese reform movement, or Meiji, emerged in 1867. The leaders of the reform movement aimed at unifying Japan in order to maintain their power. The formation of the contemporary Japanese state brought religion and state together. The idea of absolute power by divine right was suitably justified by ancient Japanese mythology. Based on Shinto (the way of the gods), the Japanese government used this divine prerogative for a unique political goal, especially to elucidate the belief in the emperor's supernatural authority, since his throne was inherited from the celestial gods. The reform movement succeeded in turning Japan into a wealthy nation with a powerful army capable of defeating China and Russia, two powerful nations. Japan emerged at the start of the twentieth century as a nation with more developed modern institutions than its neighbors.