استخدام المؤشرات الكمية في تحليل التوزيع المكاني للمدن في سورية واهميتها لتحديد مسارات التنمية المستدامة

Abstract

This research illuminates the spatial distribution of cities in Syria, examining the patterns of concentration and dispersion across the country. It also explores the factors that influence and are influenced by this distribution pattern. To illustrate the distribution of cities in Syria, several indicators are employed, including the Chi-square test, the nearest neighbour index, the median point, and the Robinson equation for measuring city spacing. It is observed that there is a strong correlation between the size of cities and the degree of separation among them. As the size categories of cities increase, their numbers decrease, the distance between them widens, and their areas of influence expand. Consequently, this study serves as a foundational reference for establishing development and social programs and plans at the national level. The study revealed that the distribution of Syrian cities is highly concentrated in specific areas, such as Damascus and Aleppo. In contrast, another distribution pattern is observed in regions like Jazira, the Euphrates, and central Syria, where cities are more widely dispersed. Consequently, it is essential to develop and invest in various natural, economic, and human resources. This includes, for instance, fostering and localizing diverse industries—both manufacturing and petroleum—along the development axis of the northeastern region. Additionally, attention should be directed toward the growth of small and medium-sized cities, along with the provision and facilitation of various investments and subsidies for these areas.