The position of the head of the British Balkan Committee Noel Paxton on the Ottoman presence in Europe 1908-1915
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Abstract
There is no place in the world where there have been so many illusions and lies as happened to the Balkan Peninsula, especially among English men, and for one reason or another and for the many nationalities in the Balkans that are interesting in Britain and exercise influence on the political mind of an Englishman, while the Balkan people have gone through a different number of roles before appearing to the British public. Among those affected by these illusions was Noel Paxton, founder of the Balkan Committee. By presenting a special approach to the reform of the Ottoman Empire, and his position on the coup of the young Turks, the Balkan war and the First World War, and the dilemma in which he placed himself and his abandonment of the constants for the sake of interests and the changes required by politics on the ground.
The research attempts to identify Paxton's activities and his religious and personal background and elicit his ideas through his writings about the Ottoman Empire and the Balkan Peninsula since the coup of the young Turks against the rule of Abdul Hamid II until 1915 AD, when there were changes in his convictions towards the region. In addition to trying to understand the position of the Balkan Committee and its Chairman Noel Paxton on the Ottoman presence in Europe and its adoption of convictions against this presence by working to remove the Ottomans from the European continent, despite his claim of charity and humanitarian work, but on the European style.
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References
University theses and dissertations:
A-University Theses:
-English:
- Sanli Bahadir Koc, Noel Buxton: Portrait of a Philanthropist as a Turcophobe, Unpublished Thesis, Bilkent University, 1997.
B- PhD dissertations :
Al-Waeli, Taher Youssef, The Ottoman Public Debt Administration 1881-1928, unpublished PhD thesis, College of Arts, University of Kufa, 1999 AD.
-English Books :
- A. J. P. Taylor, The trouble makers; dissent over foreign policy, 1792-1939. London: H. Hamilton, 1957.
- Alien Upward. The East and of Europe: the report of an Unofficial mission to the European provinces of Turkey on the eve of the revolution. London: John Murray, 1908.
- Christian Commonwealth. 'The Turk Must Go: The Real Meaning of the War in the Balkans.' October 23, 1912.
- Draft of a memorandum from Noel Buxton to Grey. December 1908.
- Janet Lee, War Girls: The First Aid Nursing Yeomanry in the Great War. Manchester University Press, 2005.
- Keith Robbins , Politicians, diplomacy, and war in modern British history. London: Hambledon Press, 1994.
- Manchester Guardian 'Future of Macedonia. Interview with Noel Buxton' N.D.
- Noel Buxton and Charles Roden Buxton. The war and the Balkans. London, Allen & Unwin Press, 1915.
- Noel Buxton. With the Bulgarian Staff, New York, The Macmillan company, 1913.
- Michael Bjerknes Aune; Valerie M. DeMarinis Religious and Social Ritual: Interdisciplinary Explorations. Suny Press,U.S.A,1996, P. 105.
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-Mosa Anderson, Noel Buxton: a life. London: George Alien and Unwin Press ,London, 1952.
-Noel Buxton and C. Leonard Leese, Balkan Problem and European Peace, New York,1919.
-Noel Buxton With the Bulgarian staff New York, The Macınillan company, 1913.
-Noel Buxton, The question of the Bosphorus and Dardanelles London : Stevens and Haynes, 1917.
-Noel Buxton. Europe and the Turks. London: John Murray Press, I 907.
-Noel Buxton. Travels and reflections, Boston and New York, Houghton Mifflin company, 1929.
-Noel Buxton. 'The Young Turks,' The Nineteenth Century, January 1909.
-Norman Stone, "The Booming Voice of Liberalism ',New York Times Book Review. 1997.
-Paul Avis, "What is 'Anglicanism'? "In The Study of Anglicanism,ed. S. Sykes and J. Booty (London,1988).
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-T. P. Conwell-Evans, Foreign policy from a back bench, 1904-1918: a study based on the papers of Lord Noel-Buxton. London: Oxford University Press, 1932.
- M.D. Stojanovic, the Great Powers and the Balkans 1875-1878, Cambridge university press, London, 1968. P. 113.
Research and articles:
-Arabic:
() -Imad Hamad Saleh Abdul Halim al-Jubouri, Britain’s policy towards the Ottoman Empire since the assumption of the British ambassador, Louis Millett, until its entry into the First World War 1914 AD, Journal of Research of the College of Basic Education, Volume 10, Issue 4..
-English:
Hasan Unal. British Response to the Young Turk Revolution, The First Year, 1908-9: A reassessment .
Newspapers:
-DailyNews.'Turkish Revival.Mr.Buxton on need for British Friendship.' 7.3. 1911.
- The Times. 14. 12. 1904. 'Albania and the Balkan Question'.
- Manchester guardian,Macedonian Crisis', May 27, 1908.
The Westminister Gazette. 'After San Stefano.' 9. 10. 1912.-
-Norwich Eastern Daily Press. December 18, 1912.
-The London Gazette 25 January 1924.
The London Gazette. 11 June 1929.-
Encyclopedias:
- Encyclopedia Britannica, Vol.14.
- The National Cyclopedia of Useful Knowledge, Vol. III, London (1847) Charles Knight.
The Encyclopaedia Americana, Vol 16.-
websites: