Extract the Effective Rain in Nineveh Governorate
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Abstract
The research is concerned to extract the effective rain values in Nineveh Governorate and the factors affecting it, which are the characteristics of climate elements and evaporation / transpiration and its relationship to determining the effective rain values. The CROP WAT program was adopted with the use of the Penman Monteith Al-Faw formula 1998, on the stations of the study area (Mosul, Rabia, Tal Afar, Sinjar, Tal Abta, and Al-Baaj). The result indicates the existence of a water deficit, especially during the fall and spring due to the high temperatures and the increase in the amount of evaporation, while the water deficit varies in the winter months between the mentioned stations. The climatic record of the stations of the study area was used for the period (1988 - 2018). The results of the effective rain for this period showed a variation in its quantities during the months and seasons between the climatic stations, and this is due to the variation of climate elements (solar radiation, temperatures, humidity, winds) from one region to another. In addition to the variation of other natural factors, separate seasons (1989-1990) (1997-1998) (2007-2008) (2017 2018) were chosen to calculate the effective rain and to clarify its difference from one season to another and its impact on agriculture and environmental degradation in Nineveh Governorate.
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