جدلية المادي والروحي في الرسم الإيراني المعاصر (دراسة تحليلية)

Abstract

This research is concerned with the study of the materialistic and spiritual dialectic in contemporary Iranian painting. It aims to identify the nature of the dialectic between the materialistic values and the spiritual values in this phenomenon, as well as to identify the styles and means expressed. The research included four topics, The first of which dealt with the definition of the dialectic between the materialistic and the spiritual according to the phenomenological approach, which says the dialectic of containment of the contrast, not the exclusion of it, unites between the self and the subject and between matter and spirit. The second topic included two titles, the first of which dealt with the phenomenological approach of materialistic and spiritual dialectic in the art of painting, the second dealing with the history of this dialectic throughout the ages and the spiritual aspect is advanced in postmodern art. The third topic dealt with the history of contemporary Iranian painting from the beginning of the twentieth century until the present day, and its dialectic between tradition and modernity throughout its stages. The fourth topic is an analytical study of selected samples of works of art belonging to contemporary Iranian painting within the limits of time research. The research  reached a set of results that answered his questions and achieved his goal as follows: 1- The contemporary Iranian painting is characterized by poeticism because it is of a phenomenological nature, both materialistic and spiritual at the same time, where the materialistic aspect of aesthetic values meets the rational imagery aspect. The artistic image is a synthesis between matter and image (spirit and mind), a cosmic image (idea) that intensifies reality and its phenomenological transmits us to an ethereal world far from objective reality. 2- Contemporary Iranian painting is characterized by an authentic spirit, purely Iranian. Its originality is the result of the combination of tradition and modernity, combining the aesthetic traditions of Persian miniatures with the aesthetic traditions of the Persian calligraphy and the innovative and contemporary artistic composition. 3- The contemporary Iranian artist achieves all forms of communication. He communicates with the objective reality, with his artistic work (shape and other elements), as well as with his own concepts and the collective unconscious, with the spiritual potential of the whole universe. 4- The contemporary Iranian artist took more than a artistic style to express the materialistic and spiritual dialectic in his artistic work, such as realism, expressionism, symbolism, abstraction, calligraphy, and conceptual art. 5- One of the means used to express the materialistic and spiritual dialectic in contemporary Iranian painting is the use of diverse aesthetic materials and composition between painting, calligraphy, graphic design and printing, as well as the use of transparency, ambiguity and dream.