The Effectiveness of an Educational Program on Developing Forked Thinking
Main Article Content
Abstract
The current research aims to identify:
- 1The level of manifold thinking among middle school students.
- 1There are no statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the experimental group (males, females) in the pre and post tests for the level of branched thinking among middle school students.
The results show the effectiveness of the educational program, where the growth of branched thinking appeare in the post-test of the experimental group (males and females), while there is no improvement in the control group and the superiority of females over the males in the experimental group.
In the light of the researcher's findings, a set of recommendations and proposals are formulated.
Metrics
Article Details

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
Arab sources:
Al-Ashqar, Fares Ratib, (2015): Philosophy of Thinking and Theories in Learning and Teaching, Amman, Jordan, Zahran Publishing and Distribution House.
Abu Gado, Saleh Muhammad Ali Nofal, Muhammad Bakr, (2007): Teaching theoretical thinking and practice, 1st edition, Amman - Dar Al Masirah for Publishing and Printing.
Abu Zaid, Adel Hussein, (2014): The Effectiveness of Teaching: Using Branched Thinking to Develop Concrete Achievement, Calculation of Constructions, and Some Habits of Mind and the Orientation toward Matter for Students of Secondary and Industrial Architectural Schools, Arab Studies in Education and Psychology - Saudi Arabia, No. 53, (p. 53). 103--154).
Ibrahim Ahmed Mahmoud, Abdel-Razzaq, Saied, Fatima, (2014): Effectiveness of a program based on cross-thinking strategies for developing creative reading skills and some productive habits of first-year secondary school students, Journal of the College of Education, Assiut - Egypt, No. 4, Volume 30, pp. 116 - 165.
Al Thabit, Saeed Bin Majmoud, (2016): The article, Our Need for Effectiveness, Al-Louka Network - Writers and Intellectuals, www.alukah.net.
Ibn Manzoor, Jamal Muhammad bin Ali bin Ahmed Al-Ansari, (1990): The star of the tongue of the Arabs, the class of Dar Bulaq, (20) part
Lisan.arab .., https://ar.frcenchpdf.com/10/11/2018.
Al-Balushi, Khadija Ahmed Al-Balushi, Sulaiman Muhammad, (2017): The effectiveness of strategies that stimulate nervous branching on innovative and critical thinking among students of the eighth grade of basic education in the Sultanate of Oman, Journal of Educational and Psychological Studies - Sultan Qaboos University, pp. 425 - 443, volume 11 April 2017 Issue.
Temple, Christine (2002): The Human Brain, translated by Atef Ahmed, Knowledge World, National Council for Culture, Arts and Literature, Kuwait.
9 - Al-Jumaili, Khaled Ahmed Jassim Hindeh, (2014): complex thinking and its relationship to human development and social interaction among university students, PhD thesis, Tikrit University.
Jarwan, Fathi Abdel Rahman, (2009): Creativity (his concept), calibration of his theories, training measurements, 2nd edition, Amman: Dar Al-Fikr for publication and distribution.
Jaber, Abdel-Hamid Jaber, (2010): The origin of thinking and its theories (guide for teaching, teaching and research), 2nd edition, Amman - Jordan, Dar Al-Naira for publication, distribution and printing.
Habib, Jaafar Hussain, (2018): Bifurcated thinking among students of the College of Education, published research, College of Education - University of Qadisiyah.
Al-Hanan, Taher Mahmoud, (2013): A suggested unit for teaching history using cross-thinking strategies in developing decision-making skills and historical awareness of the history of intrigue of his second preparatory students, Journal of the Educational Association for Social Studies - Egypt, No. (48), p. (13- 75).
Hussein, Mohamed Ibrahim, (2012): Habits of reason and high-level thinking, and their relationship to self-efficacy among students of Faculties of Education, Ph.D., Philosophy of Educational Psychology, College of Education, Ibn Al-Haytham - Baghdad University.
Al-Hudaibi, Ali Abdul Mohsen, (2012): Effectiveness of cross-thinking strategies in developing rhetorical concepts and the trend towards rhetoric among Arabic language learners speaking in other languages, Arab Journal for Speakers of Other Languages, Institute of Teaching Arabic Language, No. 14, (pp. 1-104).
Hassan, Vows, (2018): www.mawdoo3.com.
Dhiab, Muntaha Abbas, (2008): A comparative study of cross-sectional thinking among primary school students and the power of the sex and age variables, unpublished master's thesis, College of Education for Girls - University of Baghdad.
. Al-Rimawi, Muhammad Odeh, and his colleagues, (2006): General Psychology, 2nd edition, Amman, Dar Al-Masirah for Publishing, Distribution and Printing.
Al-Zaidi, Farah Abbas Jassem Mohammed, (2016): Strategies for dealing with school fatigue among middle school students, Master Thesis, College of Arts - Al-Mustansiriya University.
Salloum, Yusra Hasan, (2004): Creative thinking and its relationship to sociometrical comparison in middle school students, unpublished Master Thesis, College of Education for Girls, University of Baghdad.
Al-Suhaimat, conclusion of Abdul Rahim, (2010): thinking concepts and patterns, 1st edition, National Library Department, Amman.
Shehata, Muhammad Abdel-Moneim, (2013): The effectiveness of a proposed program based on some cross-thinking strategies in developing mathematical communication skills among primary school pupils, Arab Studies in Education and Psychology - Saudi Arabia, No. (39), Part (3), p. (55-121).
Al-Alqawi, Maha Husam Muhammad (2018): The impact of strategies of thinking power in developing branched thinking among second graders, intermediate in the subject of Arab Islamic history, unpublished Master Thesis, Diyala University - College of Education.
Al-Afoun, Nadia Hussein Yunis, (2012): Modern trends in teaching and thinking development, 1st edition, Amman, Dar Safa for Publishing and Distribution.
Abdel-Azim, Reem Ahmed, (2009): Effectiveness of a program based on cross-thinking strategies for developing creative writing skills and some mind habits of students at the preparatory stage.
Obaid, William. Afaneh, Ezzo, (2003): thinking and school curriculum, 1st edition, Amman.
Eisa, Wijdan Ramadan Muhammad, (2017): The effect of using cross-thinking strategies in developing reading comprehension skills for fourth-grade primary school students, Master Thesis - College of Education at the Islamic University - Gaza.
Abdul Hadi, Bilal, (2013): Blog: bilal.abduihad.blogspot.com, (March 20).
Aliwi, Ahmed Salih Nasser, Fatima Muhammad, (2007): Thinking is teaching teaching thinking, a matrix model for integrating teaching and learning basic thinking skills through teaching science for grades (7-9) basic stage, Center for Educational Research and Development, Aden - Yemen.
Al-Afoun, Nadia Hussein Younis, (2019): an article on ramifications of ramifications, net:
Al-Afoun, Nadia Hussein Yunus, (2018): Neural Braiching Thinkings, scientific article, College of Education for Pure Sciences - Ibn Al-Haytham - University of Baghdad.
Posts: https://m.facebook.com.
Al-Qamish, Mustafa Nouri, Al-Jawaldah, Fouad Obaid, (2016): Teaching Thinking, Amman, 1st floor, Dar Al-Thaqafa for Publishing and Distribution.
Katame, Naifeh (2013): Schwartz Model and Thinking Education, 1st Floor, Amman - Jordan, Al Masirah House for Publishing and Distribution.
Al-Wajeez, The Comprehensive Glossary, (1989): www.almaany.com.
The Right, Bin Mansour, (2010): The Role of Religious Values in Social Development, Master Thesis in Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences and Islamic Sciences, University of Haji Khadr - Batna - Algeria.
Harriet Al-Ghuraiqi (2010): Haider translation, edited and edited by the Arabization and Programming Center, 1st edition, Culture for Publishing and Distribution, United Arab Emirates.
Encyclopedia of Psychology for Education, (2009), Part 4, Lebanon, Abad Group.
Foreign sources:
- Guliford, J, P, (1967) : The Natur of Human Intelligence MCGraw , Hill – USA .
- Liebermon, J, Nina, (1965) : Playfulness and Divergent Thinking : An Investigation of their Relationship at the Kindergarten level , p:(219-224) .
- Polite ,V, and Adams, A, (1997) : Higher order thinking and values clarification through socratic seminars, urban education, 32(2), 256-279 .