The Impact of Natural Factors on Flood Risks in the Kulai Kani Basin in the Province of Sulaymaniyah
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Abstract
The research aims to analyze the natural characteristics that have an impact on the basin of the Kulai Kani Valley in Sulaymaniyah. These characteristics vary in the fields of topography, climate, geological structure, slope, rainfall, relative humidity, evaporation, wind, groundwater, soil, natural vegetation and their impact is directly on the water basins and valleys. The researcher used official data and statistics from the departments that have a relationship to reach accurate results, and the use of remote sensing techniques and geographic information systems, as the study relied mainly on satellite images in the research study, which was characterized by the speed and accuracy of the data that the study reached, as well as the field study, if it became clear through the analysis that the climate factor has a direct impact from its temperature, as well as solar radiation, where temperature plays an important role. The results showed that the basin is characterized by diverse terrain, ranging from mountainous areas to plains, which affects the speed of drainage and the volume of surface runoff. It also became clear that the spatial distribution of rainfall and its irregularity greatly affects the water resources in the region, especially during drought periods.
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