محتوى المقالة الرئيسي

Hassan Issa Razouki Ibrahim Al-Douri
hassanaldouri@gmail.com
Maryam Muhammad Jassim Al-Majma’i
hassanaldouri@gmail.com

الملخص

أبو أحمد العسكري ( ت 382 ه ) الإمام العلامة الحجة في عصره جاء بحثنا يكشف عن نسبه وسكنه ، وحياته وعمله ، وولاته ووفاته ، واللبس في اسمه ونسبته ، وأقوال أهل العلم فيه ، وشيوخه وتلاميذه ، ومؤلفاته ، ومشاركته في علم الحديث ، وقصصه مع اعلام زمانه ، والذي دعاني للترجمة لهذا العالم الفاضل ؛ سبب التباس اسمه مع اسم تلميذه في الأدب أبي هلال العسكري (  ت 395 ه ) صاحب كتاب ( الصناعتين ) ، فالكثير يظن أنَّ أبا هلال هو نفسه أبا أحمد إلا أن الحقيقة ليست كذلك ، فأبو أحمد هو شيخ أبي هلال ومعلمه وأن أبا هلال تلميذه في الأدب , ولأبي أحمد مؤلفات ضخمة في اللغة والأدب والحديث أشهرها كتابه المصون في الأدب , وكتابيه في التصحيف , والحكم والأمثال النبوية المروية عن الرسول ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) ، فكان الثناء عليه من جلة علماء عصره إذ انتهت إليه رياسة التحديث , والإملاء في قطر خوزستان , وتتلمذ على يديه الكثير من العلماء في مختلف العلوم ، فأشتهر في عصره وذاع صيته حتى قصده الوزراء والأمراء ؛ للنهل من علومه , إذ كان له الفضل في تقعيد جل قواعد النقد العربي القديم , فهو من مؤسسي المدارس النقدية الأولى , وبسبب إهمال الباحثين له وغلبة الظن عليهم أنه وتلميذه أبا الهلال شخصية واحدة جاء بحثنا يكشف تفصيلياً عن هذا العالم الجليل ونتاجه في مختلف العلوم .   

المقاييس

يتم تحميل المقاييس...

تفاصيل المقالة

كيفية الاقتباس
Ibrahim Al-Douri, H. I. R., & Jassim Al-Majma’i, M. M. (2020). أبو أحمد الحسن بن عبد الله العسكري ( ت 382 هـ ) الإمام العلامة حياته وعلمه. مجلة جامعة تكريت للعلوم الانسانية, 27(11), 194–212. https://doi.org/10.25130/jtuh.27.11.2020.10
القسم
Articles

المراجع

(1) Al-Wafi to the deaths, Salah al-Din Khalil bin Abeek bin Abdullah, Safadi (d.764 AH), investigator: Ahmad al-Arnaout and Turki Mustafa, House of Revival of Arab Heritage, Beirut - Lebanon, 1420 AH - 200 CE, 12/49.

( ) See: Genealogies, Abdul Karim bin Muhammad bin Mansour al-Tamimi al-Samani)al-Marwazi, Abu Saeed (d.562 AH), investigator: Abd al-Rahman bin Yahya al-Muallami al-Yamani and others, Ottoman Encyclopedia Council, Haydarabad, ed. 1, 1382 AH - 1962 AD, 9 / 297 .

( ( Seen: Al-Labab in the Refinement of Genealogies, Abu al-Hasan Ali bin Abi al-Karam Muhammad bin Muhammad bin Abd al-Karim bin Abdul Wahid al-Shaibani al-Jazari, Izz al-Din Ibn al-Atheer (d.630 AH), Dar Sader - Beirut, 2/340 .

( ) See: Mujam al-Buldan, Shihab al-Din Abu Abdullah Yaqut bin Abdullah al-Rumi al-Hamwi (d.626 AH), Dar Sader, Beirut, 2nd Edition, 1995 CE, 4/124.

( ) See: Nuzhat Al-Mushtaq in penetrating the horizons, Muhammad bin Muhammad bin Abdullah bin Idris al-Hasani al-Talibi, known as Sharif al-Idrisi (d. 560 AH), The World of Books, Beirut, ed. 1, 1409 AH, 1/395.

( (Seen: Al-Rawd al-Maatar in the news of the countries, Abu Abdullah Muhammad bin Abdullah bin Abdul-Moneim Al-Hamiri (d. 900 AH), investigator: Ihsan Abbas, Nasser Foundation for Culture, Beirut, printed on Dar Al-Sarraj Press, 2nd Edition, 1980 AD, 1 / 420.

( (See: Al-Alam, Khair Al-Din Bin Mahmoud Bin Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Faris, Al-Zarkali Al-Dimashqi (d. 1396 AH), Dar Al-Alam Al-Mali'a, 15th Edition, May 2002 AD, 2/196.

( ) See: The Recitations of the Hadiths, Abu Ahmad Al-Hassan Bin Abdullah Bin Saeed Al-Askari (deceased: 382 AH), Part One and Two, Part One, Study and Investigation: Mahmoud Ahmad Meera, Modern Arab Press, Cairo, 1st Edition, 1402 AH - 1982 AD, 1 5-6.

( ) lspahan: a city located in southern Iran, which was conquered during the reign of Al-Faruq Omar (may God be pleased with him) at the end of the twentieth year, and it was said that it was twenty-one from the migration. See: The History of Isfahan, Abu Naim Ahmed bin Abdullah bin Ahmed bin Ishaq bin Musa bin Mahran Al-Asbahani (d. 430 AH), the investigator: Syed Kesrawi Hassan, Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyya, Beirut, 1st Edition, 1410 AH - 1990 AD, 1/40.

( ) In view of the guardians in the classes of linguists and grammarians, Abd al-Rahman bin Abi Bakr, Jalal al-Din al-Suyuti (d.911 AH), the investigator: Muhammad Abu al-Fadl Ibrahim, Modern Library, Lebanon - Saida, 1/506.

( ) See: Al-Aalam, Al-Zarkali, previous source, 2/196.

( ) The History of Isfahan, Abu Naim, previous source, 1/323.

( ) See: The Literature Dictionary, Shihab al-Din Abu Abdullah Yaqut bin Abdullah al-Rumi al-Hamwi (d.626 AH), the investigator: Ihsan Abbas, Dar al-Gharb al-Islami, Beirut, 1st Edition, 1414 AH - 1993 AD, 2/911.

( ) See: The deaths of notables and news of the news of the time, Abu al-Abbas Shams al-Din Ahmad bin Muhammad bin Ibrahim bin Abi Bakr Ibn Khallkan al-Baramaki al-Arbli (d.681 AH), the investigator: Ihssan Abbas, Dar Sader, Beirut, 1st Edition, 1994 AD, 2/83 .

( ) See: The Regular in the History of Nations and Kings, Jamal al-Din Abu al-Faraj Abd al-Rahman bin Ali bin Muhammad al-Jawzi (d.597 AH), the investigator: Muhammad Abd al-Qadir Atta, Mustafa Abd al-Qadir Atta, Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyya, Beirut, 1st ed., 1412 AH - 1992 AD, 14/387.

( )See: The narrators' attention to the most important of the grammarians, Jamal al-Din Abu al-Hasan Ali bin Yusef al-Qifti (d.646 AH), The Racial Library, Beirut, Edition 1, 1424 AH, 1/345.

( ) See: The History of Isfahan, Abu Naim, previous source, 1/323.

( ) Glossary of the Writers, Yaqut al-Hamwi, a previous source, 2/911, and also see: biography of the flags of the nobles, Shams al-Din Abu Abdullah Muhammad bin Ahmad bin Othman bin Qaymaz al-Dhahabi (d.748 AH), the investigator: a group of investigators under the supervision of Sheikh Shaib al-Arna'out Al-Risala Foundation, 3rd Edition, 1405 AH - 1985 AD, 14/415.

( ) See: Dictionary of the Writers, Yaqut al-Hamwi, 2/919.

( ) See: The Recitations of the Hadithin, Abu Ahmad al-Askari, previous source, 1/7.

( ) Same source above, p.7.

( ) See: Biography of the Nobles, Al-Dhahabi, previous source, 16/414

( ) See: The Recitations of the Hadiths, Abu Ahmad al-Askari, previous source, 1 / 7-8.

( ) See: the same source above, pp. 7-8.

( ) See: Dictionary of the Writers, Yaqoot Al-Hamwi, previous source, 2/918.

( ) See: Al-Wafi Al-Fatalia, Al-Safadi, previous source, 1/48.

( ) See: Mujam al-Buldan, Yaqut al-Hamwi, previous source, 2/920.

( ) See: History of Islam and the deaths of celebrities and flags, Al-Dhahabi, previous source, 6/69.

( ) Seen: Genealogy, Samani, previous source, 9/300.

( ) See: The Treasury of Literature and the Heart of the Bab Lisan Al-Arab, Abdul Qadir bin Omar Al-Baghdadi (d.1093 AH), investigation and explanation: Abd Al-Salam Muhammad Haroun, Al-Khanji Library, Cairo, 4th Edition, 1418 AH - 1997 AD, 1/201.

( ) See: Al-Wafi Al-Fatalia, Safadi, previous source, 2/74 Also see: al-linab, al-Samani, previous source, 9/300, 301, 305.

( ) The Preserved in Literature, Abi Ahmad Al-Hassan bin Abdullah Al-Askari (died in year 382 AH), edited by: Abd Al-Salam Muhammad Haroun, Al-Madani Press, the Saudi Foundation in Egypt, Al-Khanji Library in Cairo - Dar Al-Rifai in Riyadh, Edition 2, 1402 AH - 1982 AD, p. 3 .

( ) See: The narrators' attention to the most important of grammarians, al-Qifti, previous source, 1/345.

( ) See: Dictionary of the Writers, Yaqoot Al-Hamwi, previous source, 2/919.

( ) See: The Treasury of Literature and the Core of the Bab Lisan Al-Arab, Abdul Qadir Al-Baghdadi, previous source, 1/202.

( ) See: Biography of the Notables of the Nobles, Al-Dhahabi, previous source, 16/413.

( ) Genealogies, Al-Samani, previous source, 9/298.

( ) The Dictionary of the Writers, Yaqoot Al-Hamwi, previous source, 2/912.

( ) The Regular in the History of Nations and Kings, Ibn al-Jawzi, previous source, 14/387. Also see: Al-Kamil in History, Abu Al-Hassan Ali bin Abi Al-Karam Muhammad bin Muhammad bin Abdul Karim bin Abdul Wahid Al-Shaibani Al-Jazari, Ezz Al-Din Al-Jazari, Ezz Al-Din Ibn Al-Atheer (d.630 AH), edited by: Abd Al-Salam Tadmouri, Dar Al-Kitaab Al-Arabi, Beirut Lebanon, 1st ed., 1417 AH - 1997 AD, 7/495.

( ) The narrators' attention to the attention of grammarians, al-Qifti, previous source, 1/345.

( ) The deaths of notables and the news of the news of the time, Ibn Khallikan, previous source, 2/83.

( ) Al-Abra in a story from the dark, Shams al-Din Muhammad bin Ahmad bin Othman al-Dhahabi (d.748 AH), edited by: Dr. Salah Al-Din Al-Munajjid, Kuwait Government Press, 1984 AD, 3/22. Also look: al-Muqtasar fi Akhbar al-Bashir, Abu al-Fida 'Imad al-Din Ismail bin Ali bin Mahmoud bin Muhammad ibn Omar bin Shahenshah ibn Ayyub, al-Malik al-Muayyad, the owner of Hama (d.732 AH), the Egyptian Husseiniya Press, ed. 1, 2/133.

( ) Biography of the Nobles' flags, al-Dhahabi, previous source, 16/413. Likewise, he looks at: Mirror of Jinan and the lesson of awakening in knowing what are considered from the accidents of time, Abu Muhammad Afif al-Din Abdullah bin Asaad bin Ali bin Suleiman al-Yafei (d. E - 1997 AD, 2/312.

( ) History of Islam and the deaths of celebrities and flags, al-Dhahabi, previous source, 8/533.

( ) The Beginning and the End, Abu al-Fida 'Ismail bin Umar bin Katheer al-Qurayshi al-Basri then al-Dimashqi (774 AH), investigator: Ali Shiri, House of Revival of the Arab Heritage, 1st ed. 1408 AH - 1988 AD, 6 / 356-357.

( ) Al-Balaghah in the translations of the imams of grammar and language, Muhammad al-Din Abu Taher Muhammad ibn Yaqoub al-Fayrouzabadi (d.817 AH), Saad al-Din House for Printing, Publishing and Distribution, ed. 1, 1421 AH - 2000 CE, 1/116.

( ) The view of the Wa’a in the classes of linguists and grammarians, al-Suyuti, previous source, 1/506.

( ) See: The Treasury of Literature and the Core of the Door of the tongue of the Arabs, Abdul Qadir bin Omar Al-Baghdadi, previous source, 6/32. Also see: Al-Nujoom Al-Zahirah in the News of Egypt and Cairo, Yusef Bin Taghri Bardi Bin Abdullah Al-Dhahiri Al-Hanafi, Abu Al-Mahasin, Jamal Al-Din (d.874 AH), Ministry of Culture and National Guidance, Dar Al-Kutub, Egypt, 4/196.

( ) Al-Aalam, Al-Zarkali, previous source, 2/196. Also look: gold nuggets in news from gold, Abd al-Hayy bin Ahmed Muhammad bin al-Imad al-Hanbali, Abu al-Falah (d. 1089 AH). H - 1986 AD, 4/340.

( ) Authors' dictionary, Omar bin Rida bin Muhammad bin Muhammad Ragheb bin Abdul Ghani Kahleh al-Dimashqi (d.1408 AH), Muthanna Library, House of Revival of Arab Heritage, Beirut, 3/239.

( ) See: The Recitations of the Hadiths, Abu Ahmad al-Askari, previous source, p.8.

( ) See: Al-Wafi Al-Fatalia, Al-Safadi, previous source, 12/49.

( ) See: Biography of the Notables of the Nobles, Al-Dhahabi, previous source, 16/413.

( ) See: Mu'jam al-Adaba ', Yaqut al-Hamwi, previous source, 2/912, 918.

( ) See: Al-Lubab fi Tahdheeb Al-Kinsab, Ibn Al-Atheer, previous source, 3/318.

( ) See: Al-Wafi Al-Fatalia, Safadi, previous source, 4/246, 12/49

( ) See: Recitations of the Hadithin, Abu Ahmad al-Askari, previous source, 1/9.

( ) See: The Regular in the History of Nations and Kings, Ibn al-Jawzi, previous source, 8/352.

( ) See: Al-Mawsoon fi Al-Adab, Abu Ahmad Al-Askari, previous source, p.

( ) See: Al-Mawsoon fi Al-Adab, Abu Ahmad Al-Askari, previous source, p. 12.

( ) See: Recitations of the Hadithin, Abu Ahmad al-Askari, previous source, 1/10.

( ) The Preserved in Literature, Abu Ahmad Al-Askari, previous source, pp. 12-13.

( ) It is Abu Ahmad Yahya bin Ali, known as Ibn Al-Munjim (d. 300 AH), and his verses are as in Al-Musun, pp. 12-13 And it was mentioned in the introduction to Abi Nawas Al-Suly’s diwan in the same proportion. See: The Diwan of Abu Nawas (d. 198 AH) with the narration of Al-Suly Abu Bakr Muhammad Bin Yahya, edited by Bahjat Abdul Ghafour Al-Hadithi, Abu Dhabi Authority for Culture and Heritage, National Library, Edition 1, 2010, pp. 35-36.

( ) See: Al-Mawsun fi Al-Adab, Abu Ahmad Al-Askari, previous source, pp. 11, 126.

( ) See: the same source above, pp. 10, 11, 126.

( ) See: Recitations of the Hadithin, Abu Ahmad al-Askari, previous source, 1/10.

( ) See: Al-Wafi Al-Fatalia, Safadi, previous source, 12/49

( ) See: Al-Balaghah in the translations of the Imams of Grammar and Language, Al-Fayrouzabadi, Previous source, 1/116

( ) See: Mu'jam al-Adaba ', Yaqut al-Hamwi, previous source, 2 / 912-913.

( ) See: Indexing Ibn Khair Al-Abshihi, Abu Bakr Muhammad Bin Khair Bin Omar Bin Khalifa Al-Lamtuni Al-Umayyad Al-Ashbili (d. 575 AH), Investigator: Muhammad Fuad Mansur, Dar Al-Kutub Al-Alami, Beirut - Lebanon, first edition, 1419 AH - 1998 AD, 1/171.

( ) See: History of Arab Literature in the era of Abbasid literature updated to the end of the fourth century AH (132 - 399 AH, 750 - 1008 AD), Omar Farroukh, House of Knowledge for the Millions, 4th Edition, 1401 AH - 1980 AD, 455.

( ) Dictionary of the Writers, Yaqut al-Hamwi, previous source, 2/913.

( ) Same source, above, 2/912.

( ) See: the same source above, 7/3337.

( ) Look: Detecting suspicions about the names of books and the arts, Mustafa bin Abdullah, the writer of Jalabi Constantinople, known as Haji Khalifa or Haji Khalifa (d.1067 AH), Library: Al-Muthanna, Baghdad. Reviving the Arab heritage, the House of Modern Sciences, and the House of Scientific Books), 1941 AD, 1/232.

( ) See: The Treasury of Literature and the Core of the Bab Lisan Al-Arab, Abdul Qadir Al-Baghdadi, previous source, 1/202.

( ) See: The deaths of notables and the news of the news of the time, Ibn Khallikan, previous source, 2/83.

( ) See: The Extreme Risalah of a famous statement written by the Noble Sunnah, Abu Abdullah Muhammad bin Abi Al-Fayd Jaafar bin Idris Al-Hassani Al-Idrisi, famous for Al-Kattani (d. 2000 AD, 7/18.

( ) See: Al-Alam, Al-Zarkali, previous source, 2/196.

( ) See: Indexing Ibn Khair Al-Abshihi, Ibn Khair Al-Ashbeli, previous source, 1/171.

( ) See: The Good Purposes in the Explanation of Many Popular Hadiths on the Tongues: Shams al-Din Abu al-Khair Muhammad bin Abdul Rahman bin Muhammad al-Sakhawi (d. 902 AH), the investigator: Muhammad Othman al-Khasht, Dar al-Kitab al-Arabi, Beirut - Lebanon, ed. 1, 1405 AH - 1985 CE, p. 58.

( ) See: History of Islam and the deaths of celebrities and flags, Al-Dhahabi, previous source, 8/533.

( ) See: Genealogy, Samani, previous source, 9/298.

( ) See: The aim of the Wa’a in the classes of linguists and grammarians, al-Suyuti, previous source, 1/506.

( ) See: Dictionary of the Writers, Yaqoot Al-Hamwi, previous source, 2/912.

( ) See: The deaths of notables and the news of the news of the time, Ibn Khallikan, previous source, 2/83.

( ) See: The narrators' attention to the most important of grammarians, al-Qifti, previous source, 1/345.

( ) Explanation of what the correction and distortion is located in, Abi Ahmed Al-Hassan bin Abdullah bin Saeed Al-Askari (382 AH), edited by: Abdul Aziz Ahmed, Mustafa Al-Babi Al-Halabi and Sons Press, Egypt, ed. 1, 1338 AH - 1963 AD, the investigator's introduction.

( ) See: The narrators' attention to the most important of grammarians, al-Qifti, previous source, 1/345.

( ) See: The aim of the Wa’a in the classes of linguists and grammarians, al-Suyuti, previous source, 1/506.

( ) See: The narrators' attention to the most important of grammarians, al-Qifti, previous source, 1/345.

( ) The suspicions revealed the names of books and the arts, Hajj Khalifa, previous source, 2/1637.

( ) See: The extremist message of a well-known statement written by the honorable Sunnah, Al-Kattani, previous source, 7/37.

( ) Look: the injury in the discrimination of the Companions, Abu al-Fadl Ahmad bin Ali bin Muhammad bin Ahmed bin Hajar al-Asqalani (d.852 AH), investigated by: Adel Ahmad Abd al-Mawjid and Ali Muhammad Muawad, Dar al-Kutub al-'Ilmiyya, Beirut - Lebanon, 1st ed. 1/81, 194.

( ) See: Ismail bin Muhammad Amin bin Mir Salim al-Babani al-Baghdadi (d. 1399 AH), carefully printed by the Majestic Knowledge Agency in its splendid publication, Istanbul, 1951 CE, reprinted in offset: House of Revival of Arab Heritage, Beirut - Lebanon, 1/273.

( ) See: Diwan Al-Maani, Abu Hilal Al-Hassan bin Abdullah bin Sahl bin Saeed bin Yahya bin Mahran Al-Askari (d. 395 AH), Dar Al-Jeel, Beirut, 1/28.

( ) The biographies of the noble flags, Shams al-Din al-Dhahabi, previous source, 16/413.

( ) The narrators' attention to the attention of the grammarians, Jamal al-Din al-Qifti, previous source, 1/345.

( ) Records of the hadiths, Abu Ahmad al-Askari, previous source, 1 / 4-5

( ) Musnad Al-Shehab, Muhammad bin Salama bin Jaafar Abu Abdullah al-Qudai al-Masri (d. 454 AH), edited by: Hamdi bin Abd al-Majid al-Salafi, The Resala Foundation, Beirut - Lebanon, second edition, 1407 AH - 1986 CE, 1/94, No. 102.

( ) The History of Asbahan, Abu Na`im Ahmad Ibn Abdullah Al-Asbahani, previous source, 1/312, No. 311. Its origin is in: Al-Musnad Al-Sahih Al-Adl by transferring justice on behalf of justice to the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, Muslim bin Al-Hajjaj Abu Al-Hassan Al-Qushayri Al-Nisaburi (d.261 AH), the investigator: Muhammad Fuad Abdul-Baqi, Arab Heritage Revival House, Beirut, 1/511, No. 744.

( ) Jami al-Bayan al-'Ilm and his virtue, Abu Omar Yusef bin Abdullah bin Muhammad bin Abdul-Barr bin Asim al-Nimri al-Qurtubi (d.463 AH), edited by: Abu al-Ashbal al-Zuhairi, Dar Ibn al-Jawzi, Saudi Arabia, Edition: First, 1414 AH - 1994 M, 1/641, No. 1108.

( ) See: Indexing Ibn Khair Al-Abshihi, Ibn Khair Al-Ashbeli, previous source, 1/171.

( ) See: The narrators' attention to the most important of grammarians, al-Qifti, previous source, 1/345.

( ) See: The Treasury of Literature and the Core of the Door of Lisan Al-Arab, Abdul Qadir Al-Baghdadi, previous source, 1/437.

( ) See: the beginning and the end, Ibn Katheer, previous source, 11/367.

( ( The Regular in the History of Nations and Kings, Ibn al-Jawzi, previous source, 14/388.

( ) The house’s deficiency was mentioned in “The Literary Dictionary” and “Al-Wafi with Deaths” (filling the eyelids, not filling the eyelids), 2/916. 12/50.

( ) The house’s disability was mentioned in “The Literature Dictionary” and “Al-Wafi Deaths” (My members seek refuge from tremors), 2/917. 12/50. And it was mentioned in the treasury of literature ("My organs suffer from tremors), 1/437.

( ) Explanation of the poetry of Abi Tammam, al-Khatib al-Tabrizi, presented to him and set his margins and indexes: Raji Al-Asmar, Dar Al-Kitaab Al-Arabi, Beirut - Lebanon, 2nd Edition, 1414 AH - 1994 AD, 2/24.

( ) The Regular in the History of Nations and Kings, Ibn al-Jawzi, previous source, 14/388.

( ) See: Dictionary of the Writers, Yaqoot Al-Hamwi, previous source, 2/916

( ) The course of the flags of the nobility, al-Dhahabi, previous source, 16/415.

( ) He is Sakhr ibn Amr ibn al-Sharid, my brother al-Khansa, and his saying al-Bayt (the most important issue of al-Hazm ...) is one of the most famous verses in his story with his wife. See: Death of Notables, Ibn Khallikan, previous source, 2/84.

( ) The treasury of literature and the core of the door of the tongue of the Arabs, Abdul Qadir al-Baghdadi, previous source, 1/437.

)) The Dictionary of the Writers, Yaqoot Al-Hamwi, previous source, 2/916.

( ) Same source, above, 2 / 914-915.