المصادر الاجنبية

Mohamed Jouili. (2019). Khérédine Pacha. Casablanca: Centre culturel du livre Édition / Distribution.

ترجمة المصادر العربية

Ihsan Haqqi. (d.t.). Arab Tunisia. Beirut: House of Culture.

Ahmed Al-Taweli. (2019). The builders of the modern Tunisian state were Hamouda Pasha, Ahmed Bey, and Khair al-Din. Tunisia: Magharebia Book Printing and Publishing.

Ahmed Amin. (1948). Reform leaders in the modern era. Cairo: Egyptian Nahda Library.

Ahmed bin Abi Al-Diyaf. (1999). The people of the time gathered with news of the kings of Tunisia and the era of safety. Tunisia: Arab Book House.

Ahmed Abdalsalam. (1980). Reformists in Tunisia responded to the Turkish events at the beginning of the last quarter of the nineteenth century. Arab and World History Magazine.

Ekmeleddin Ihsanoglu and others. (1999). The Ottoman Empire, History and Civilization (Vol. 2). (Saleh Saadawi, the translators) Istanbul.

Al-Bashir, son of Haj Othman Al-Sharif. (d.t.). Lights on the modern history of Tunisia 1881-1924. Tunisia: Dar Bou Salama for printing, publishing and distribution.

Al-Shaybani Ben Balghaith. (1995). The Tunisian army during the era of Muhammad Al-Sadiq 1859-1882 AD. (Abdul Jalil Al-Tamimi, editor) Sfax.

Al-Shaybani Ben Balghaith. (2001). The judicial system in Tunisia (1857-1921). Sfax: Aladdin Library.

Al-Shaybani Ben Balghaith. (d.t.). Research and studies in the modern and contemporary history of Tunisia. Tunisia: Atlantic Publishing.

Al-Munji Al-Shamli. (1973). Khairuddin Pasha. Tunisia: Tunisian Publishing House.

Al-Hadi Al-Taymoumi. (2010). Tunisia and modernization (1831-1877), the first constitution in the Islamic world. Tunisia: Ali Publishing House.

J. S. Van Krieken. (1988). Khair al-Din and the Tunisian country 1850-1881. (Al-Bashir Ben Salamah, the translators) Tunisia: Dar Sahnoun.

Jean Ganniag. (2012). The origins of the French protectorate over Tunisia (1861-1881). (Translated by Adel Bin Youssef and Muhammad Mohsen Al-Bawab, the translators) Tunisia: Barq for Publishing and Distribution.

Juma Al Sheikha. (3 1, 2022). Suspension between theory, implementation and abolition: the Tunisian experience as an example. University of Tunis, 10

https://ebook.univeyes.com7987pdf Hassan Barboura. (2013). Analysis of the text of Khair al-Din’s reforms in Tunisia (1871-1877) from the book Khair al-Din and the Tunisian Country by: J.S. Van Krieken. Algeria: Ziane Achour University-Djelfa, Faculty of Arts, Languages, Social Sciences and Humanities.

Khairiya Abdel-Saheb Wadi. (1982). Arab nationalist thought in the Maghreb, its emergence and development from 1830 to 1962. Baghdad. :

Khairiya Abdel-Saheb Wadi. (1989). The emergence and development of reform in the Arab Maghreb 1830-1939. Baghdad: Al-Mustansiriya University, Institute of Studies / Doctoral dissertation) unpublished. )

Rashad Imam. (2010). Reformist thinking in Tunisia in the nineteenth century led to the issuance of the Era of Safety Law. Tunisia: Dar Sahnoun for Publishing and Distribution. Saad Tawfiq Al-Bazzaz. (2005). The labor movement in Tunisia (1946-1956), its origins and its political, economic and social role. Mosul: University of Mosul, College of Arts.

Siham Shabi. (2014). The reformist thought of Khair al-Din al-Tunisi (1225-1307 AH/1810-1889) through his book ((The Righteous Paths to Know the Conditions of the Kingdoms)). Algeria: University of Algiers, Faculty of Social and Human Sciences.

Beautiful Planet Car. (1997). The formation of modern Arabs. Palestine: Dar Al-Shorouk.

Shawqi Atallah Al-Gamal. (1977). The Great Arab Maghreb in the modern era (Libya - Tunisia - Algeria - Morocco). Cairo: Anglo-Egyptian Library.

Sadiq Al-Zimrali. (d.t.). Tunisian flags. (Hammadi Al-Sahili, The Translators) Beirut: Dar Al-Gharb Al-Islami.

Abdul Aziz Al-Thaalabi. (1975). Martyr Tunisia. (Presented by Sami Al-Jundi, editor) Beirut: Dar Al-Quds.

Abdul Majeed Al-Sharafi. (1971). The missionary movement in Tunisia during the nineteenth century. Tunisia: Annals of the Tunisian University.

Ezzat Qarni. (1980). Justice and freedom at the dawn of the modern Arab renaissance. Kuwait: the world of knowledge.

Ali Governorate. (1987). Intellectual trends among the Arabs in the Renaissance era 1798-1914. Beirut: Al-Ahlia Publishing and Distribution.

Laila Belhaj and Abeer Habi. (2015). The financial crisis in Tunisia and its repercussions on the political situation (1859-1883). Algeria: Djilali Bounaama Khemis Miliana University, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences.

A group of researchers. (1993). History of modern and contemporary Tunisian literature. Tunisia: House of Wisdom.

Muhammad Al-Saleh Al-Mahidi. (2012). Tunisia in the biographies of its notables (Version 1). Tunisia: National Center for Cultural Communication.

Muhammad Al-Arabi Al-Senussi. (2008). Memoirs of Khair al-Din Pasha. Tunisia: House of Wisdom.

Muhammad Al-Naifer. (1996). A suspicious title about what arose in Tunisia from a literary scholar. (Tazalil Ali Al-Naifer, editor) Tunisia: Dar Al-Gharb Al-Islami.

Muhammad Bayram V. (1302 AH). Safwat Al-Iqbar in the warehouse of countries and regions (version 2). Egypt: Dar Sader.

Muhammad dating. (1986). The translation movement in Tunisia and its manifestations in literature, 1840-1955 AD. Tunisia: Arab Book House.

Masoud Zahir. (1980). A methodological introduction to the study of Khair al-Din al-Tunisi’s reformist thought. Arab Thought Journal.

Mustafa Touati. (2002). Tunisia rising from renewal to modernization (in the 18th and 19th centuries). Tunisia: Dar Al-Maarifa.

Maan Ziyada. (1982). Khair al-Din, the father of the Tunisian Renaissance in the nineteenth century. Arab and World History Magazine.

Wissam Nouiri. (2016). The role of Sheikh Muhammad Al-Tahir bin Ashour in reforming education in Tunisia 1879-1973 AD. Algeria: Mohamed Boudiaf University-M'sila, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences.

ترجمة المصادر الاجنبية

محمد جويلي. (2019). خير الدين باشا. الدار البيضاء: المركز الثقافي للكتاب طبعة / توزيع.