Natural Factors and Their Impact on Urban Expansion on Agricultural Lands in Yathrib District
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Abstract
The research aims to examine natural factors and their impact on urban expansion on agricultural lands in the study area. The phenomenon of urban expansion has negative effects on arable lands not only in the study area but also in all rural and urban areas of Iraq and the study area, where the research aims to know the impact of natural factors on the size of urban expansion in Yathrib district and to give a clear picture of that expansion and reveal the decrease in agricultural areas, as the study concluded that the study area was characterized by flatness in the entire region, which makes urban expansion in all directions, as the maximum height in the study area reached about 56 m above sea level in the northern side in the Shamsi and Al-Jamsariyah district, and the lowest height is 32 above sea level in the northeastern side in the Al-Mudawarah and Al-Kharjah district, which indicates that the area is low or almost flat, the elements of temperature, rain and wind are among the most influential climate elements in the design of residential units and the change in agricultural land uses, as the average temperatures reached (30.1 °C) and (29.4 °C), in addition to the fluctuation of rainfall And I said that while the rainfall totals reached (157.28) mm, and (161.5) mm, the soil has a direct effect in determining the construction of the residential unit that occupies an area of (72.81) km2, compared to the types of soil, more than the rest of the types of soil within the study area.
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