التحليل المكاني لأمكانات زراعة وانتاج القمح في محافظة صلاح الدين زراعة القمح وامكاناته في صلاح الدين

Abstract

It is clear that (90%) of the cultivated area is for wheat crops, which confirms the existence of harmony between geographical factors and environmental requirements, and this is evidence of the existence of medium and high spatial suitability in most parts of Salah al-Din Governorate. To determine the environmental requirements, the international standards that were organized for this purpose were adopted, namely the FAO, represented by the Sys standards that represent the spatial suitability of the wheat crop and include surface, soil, climate, and water resources. The slope between (0 - 4 m) is the most suitable for agricultural production and falls within the category (S1, S2). Wheat needs a soil mixed with sand with a good or moderate texture, the characteristics of which are represented by the categories (salty, mixed salty, mixed clay, mixed clay salty), which are the most suitable for wheat cultivation. It also needs a temperature ranging between (18 - 30 C), while if this temperature rises above (30 C) or falls below (18 C), it will negatively affect the stages of plant life and then production, and the crop needs large amounts of irrigation water distributed over the growth stages.  There are three suitability categories that vary in terms of location and area. The first category is the high suitability category S1 with an area of ​​397040 acres and a percentage of 4.23%. The second category is the medium suitability category S2 with an area of ​​7761680 acres and a percentage of 82.75%. This category includes most parts of the study area, which encourages increasing the areas planted with wheat. The third and last category is the marginal suitability category S3, which represented an area of ​​1220600 acres and a percentage of 13.01.