الوقف الاسلامي في العصر المملوكي (648 ـــ 923 هـــ / 1250 ـــ 1517 م )

Abstract

The Mamluk era extended from the year (648-923 AH / 1250-1517 AD) from the end of the Ayyubid era to the establishment of the Ottoman Empire. Their rule extended for nearly two and a half centuries. During this period of rule, they established a vast state that included Egypt, the Levant and others. During this period, they made many sacrifices. To defend religion and homeland against the Crusaders and the Mongols, they recorded many victories documented by history at the sites of Ain Jalut, Farisco, Acre, Tripoli, and others.

During this period, Egypt and the Levant became a center for global trade, whether for the East or the West, which contributed to the commercial prosperity in the huge wealth of the state and this was reflected in the various institutions in the state. To burn and destroy because of the Mongols, so I wanted the subject of my research to be a manifestation of that prosperity, which is the endowments in the Mamluk era. Also, the historical sources focused their attention on the political aspects when they talked about the sultans and princes and mentioned the endowments as one of the aspects of righteousness only without showing the real and effective role of the endowments in society and public life, and highlighting the impact left by the endowment system in enriching civilization in the Mamluk era. To two topics, the first dealt with: the definition of the endowment in terms of language and terminology, and the correct evidence on the legality of the endowment and the history of the endowment in Islam.