Education in Tunisia before the French Protectorate in 1881
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Abstract
The Arab nations, including Tunisia, experienced economic and social stagnation, with their people facing issues of backwardness and ignorance in various aspects, particularly in education, under Ottoman rule. This was observed by numerous educated individuals from the country during their studies in Western countries or as they advanced in their careers. By visiting such nations, particularly France, they were profoundly influenced by the progress and inclusiveness that those countries are now undergoing.
This group, particularly Khair al-Din, recognized the significance of education in constructing and revitalizing institutions and the nation, in light of the disparities between the Western countries' strength and weaknesses and the prevailing weaknesses and ignorance in Arab countries. Consequently, he exerted considerable effort during his reign to enhance Tunisia's scientific landscape, prioritizing the development of educational institutions. He is interested in the teachers and how their salaries are distributed. He is also interested in the Zaytuna Mosque, the construction of the modern Sadiqiyya School, and the establishment of the Abdalia Library. The library aims to encourage educated Tunisians to read more and promote general culture.
Khair al-Din and his associates were highly dedicated to their work, and thus made efforts to prevent the involvement of religious leaders in the management of the Ministry of Science and Knowledge. This ministry was responsible for overseeing all educational institutions in the country, and it was entrusted to General Hussein due to his extensive knowledge. However, despite these reforms, they were ultimately unsuccessful and were reversed after Khair al-Din's rule ended, resulting in a return to the previous state of affairs.
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