The Ideological Significance of the Sociology of Suicide in Emile Durkheim Epistemological Study
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Abstract
Suicide is not a purely psychological phenomenon nor a purely social phenomenon as well, but it is a compound phenomenon, and any explanation based on one side of the two without the other inevitably enters the circle of dereliction and exaggeration. Durkheim found a positivist, social explanation for suicide, setting aside from individual explanations. Perhaps the significance of this explanation is that Durkheim wanted to say something about the effect: that sociology is an empirical science that can explain an anxious and mysterious phenomenon like suicide, at a time when psychiatrists were relying on explaining such phenomena. An “intra-psychological” interpretation, or by referring it to the motives of imitation and imitation, as Gabriel Tard, Lugas and others did.
Durkheim's merit, according to the convictions of the sociologists, does not lie in the fact that he studied suicide in the light of social variables instead of psychological ones, but rather that he presented a new concept of experience that we are not entrusted with. Durkheim made suicide an empirical sample, and it is established in scientific awareness that the concept of experience is within the presence of the natural sciences, which require that the study material in it be sensuous and visual. The sciences of the soul, according to Dilthey’s expression. Against this, Durkheim was able to put forward a completely new approach in an attempt to contain the phenomenon of suicide and make it a subject for sociological research despite its absence.
They are, many questions that arise about the nature of this interpretation and its intellectual source, that is, the cognitive system from which Durkheim drew his doctrine of interpretation, as these questions incite the epistemological disclosure of this doctrine and an attempt to investigate its premises, its cultural significance, and the extent to which it can be applied. This is what the study tries to demonstrate.
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