Cartographic Representation of the Changes in the Borders of the Iraqi Governorates for the Periods (1921-1959-2019) : Kirkuk and Baghdad as Models
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Abstract
Modern technologies alongside information systems and remote sensing data are among the most successful ways to build models that simulate the change of the borders of the Iraqi provinces because they reflect the spatial and temporal change. The research focuses on the cartographic representation of the changes in the borders of the Iraqi governorates for the periods (1921-1959-2019) in Kirkuk and Baghdad. Choosing these two governorates is related to the emergence of administrative borders and other factors affecting borders’ formation, whether natural or human. The study examines the administrative units of each district or governorate and its total population over time. The study concludes that each of the examined governorates witness outstanding developments concerning their structures and populations.
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References
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same source.
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is extracted from the following equation:
Rate of change = {(present value/previous value) – 1} x 100. =
= For example, the value of the governorate area for 2019 is taken, which amounts to (5104.1) km2, to represent the current year, and the oldest year is taken, which is the year 1921, which amounts to (20633.2) km to represent the previous value, so the expression (5104.1 / 20633.2) is -1 * 100, so the result will be -75.3%, meaning that the average shape of the governorate has changed by -75.3% towards the negative, meaning that the area is decreasing as we progress to the present.
Hashem Al-Saadi, Modern Geography of Iraq, previous source, p. 144.
Ahmed Sousa, Atlas of Modern Iraq, Public Survey Directorate Press, Baghdad, 1, 1953, p. 3.
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