The Relationship between Climate Variability and Wheat Crop Productivity in Kirkuk Governorate
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Abstract
This study aims to analyze the impact of climate variability on the productivity of the wheat crop in four meteorological stations: Kirkuk, Tuz, Baiji, and Makhmur, using climate and agricultural data from the period (1990–2023). Advanced statistical tools such as Excel, SPSS, and GIS were used to monitor climatic changes (such as temperature, rainfall, and humidity) and determine their relationship to agricultural production fluctuations.
The results showed that climate changes, particularly rising temperatures and decreased rainfall, directly impacted the wheat growth stages, especially during flowering and ripening periods, leading to reduced yields, especially in rain-fed agriculture. Recurrent drought years contributed to the instability of annual production and negatively affected food security in the studied regions.
The study also showed variations in climatic effects among the four stations, necessitating specialized agricultural policies for each region. Statistically significant relationships were found between climate variability indicators such as drought and humidity and wheat productivity.
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References
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Published Research (Translated from Arabic):
Basim Ilya Habil, The Impact of Climatic Factors on Wheat and Barley Production, Journal of Education and Sciences, Issue 25, 2000, p. 119.
Salar Ali Khudhur Al-Dazayee, Climatic Capabilities in Iraq and Their Use, Journal of the College of Education for Women, 2008.
Salah Yarka Malik, Geographical Analysis of Wheat Production in Wasit Governorate, Al-Qadisiyah Journal, 2021.
Adnan Haza’ Al-Bayati & Kazem Musa, Climate and Erosive Potentials, Journal of the Iraqi Geographical Society, 1989.
Makhlif Shallal Mar’i, Variation in Growth Periods, Journal of Education and Science, 2021.
Qusay Yahya Jaber Al-Douri, 2002.
Luay Hussein Ali, 2023. (No titles mentioned; assumed related studies)
Dr. Muhammad Attia Saleh, Climatic requirements and accumulated temperature indicators for the yellow corn crop in Al-Hawija District, Tikrit University Journal for Humanities, Volume (31), General Issue (6), 2024, p. 244.