Military and economic choices during the era of Caliph Othman bin Affan () (23-35 AH / 644-656 AD)
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This research tackles the most important and prominent military economic choices of Caliph Othman bin Affan (May Allah be pleased with him). As for the military choices, the Prophet Muhammad (may Allah’s prayers and peace be upon him) established the Islamic military rules and laid down its theoretical and applied teachings in wars. In the Rashidun era, the caliphs followed these rules. They were able to achieve the greatest victories over the armies of Persia and the Romans and conquer these countries.
Therefore, when Caliph Othman bin Affan continued the Islamic conquest, and his reign was complementary to the reign of Caliph Omar bin Al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him), as the building of the Islamic military institution was based on the teachings of the Book of Allah (Glory be to Him) and the Sunnah of His Messenger (May Allah bless him and grant him peace). The focus was on this institution in order to fight the infidels and polytheists and to uphold the word of Allah Almighty.
As for economic choices, Caliph Othman bin Affan (may Allah be pleased with him) gave the economic aspect great importance as it is the pillar of the financial state. He traced the path of Al-Farouq in money policy and approved the prevailing administrative conditions that he established regarding resources and banks. Therefore, the procedures of Caliph Omar bin Al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) were considered as the basis upon which Caliph Othman bin Affan (may Allah be pleased with him) relied during his caliphate and rule.
However, this aspect flourished as a result of the large amount of state imports due to the expansion of the Islamic conquest movement, in addition to the fiefdoms, which constituted an important point in Othman’s financial policy, which aimed to revive and reclaim waste lands.
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