Spatial Modeling of Slope Stability in the Lower Zab River Basin
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Abstract
This study addresses the stability of land slopes in the Lower Zab River Basin, given the importance of surface material movement in geomorphology and the region's geographical and environmental significance. The research aims to analyze slope stability in the basin using spatial modeling techniques, identifying and ranking the factors influencing stability according to their importance. The most impactful factors were identified, reclassified, standardized, and weighted using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to derive a slope stability map. The results showed that 24.62% and 30.68% of the area have very strong and strong stability, respectively, while 15.86% and 7.08% of the area have weak and very weak stability. The stable areas are concentrated in the south and center of the study area, while the unstable areas are in the north and east of the basin, influenced by elevation, slope, and geological formations. The current research identifies various factors affecting slope stability and highlights the most landslide-prone areas in the Lower Zab Basin. The study is concluded with a recommendation to monitor high-risk areas and implement preventive measures, such as building retaining walls, and suggests further field studies to verify the accuracy of the spatial models used.
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