الحياة التعليمية في كركوك خلال العهد العثماني
محتوى المقالة الرئيسي
الملخص
نظراً لأهمية دراسة الحياة التعليمية في أي بلد ، فقد تصدت نخبة طيبة من الكتاب والمؤرخين العراقيين لتتبع واقع التعليم في العراق خلال العهد العثماني ويأتي هذا البحث محاولة متواضعة لاستكمال جهودهم ، إذ شهدت كركوك أنذاك العديد من المؤسسات التعليمية الموروثة من العصور الوسطى الإسلامية لتلبية احتياجات المجتمع من الكوادر المتعلمة وضمن السياق التاريخي لتطور التعليم فيها فقد اكتسبت المدينة قسطاً من التطور المقترن بالنهضة العلمية التي حدثت في الدولة العثمانية منذ النصف الثاني من القرن التاسع عشر واتضحت المعالم الرئيسة للحياة التعليمية فيها باستحداث مدارس جديدة بمرحلتيها الابتدائية واعتمادها المناهج والتعليمات التي اقرتها وزارة المعارف العثمانية وتشكيل لجنة للمعارف خاصة بلواء كركوك .
المقاييس
تفاصيل المقالة

هذا العمل مرخص بموجب Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
المراجع
- Ibrahim Khalil Ahmed, The Evolution of National Education in Iraq (1869-1932), (Basra, 1982).
- Ibrahim Khalil Ahmed, “The Beginnings of Modern Education in Iraq during the Ottoman Era,” Journal of Historical Studies, No. 1, (January-March), Year 3 (Baghdad, 2001).
- Ibrahim Khalil Ahmed, Wilayat of Mosul: a study of its political developments 1908-1922, a master’s thesis in the Modern History submitted to the Council of the College of Arts at the University of Baghdad, 1975.
- Badr Mustafa Abbas, Educational Life in the Wilayat of Baghdad 1869AD/1286AH-1909AD/1327AH, a Ph.D. thesis submitted to the Council of the College of Arts - University of Mosul 1997.
- Jamal Asad Khazal, The Education System in Iraq, (Mosul, 1990).
- Hassan Al-Dujaili, The State and Education, (Baghdad, 1953).
- Sate’ Al-Hosari, The Arab Countries and the Ottoman Empire, (Cairo, 1957).
- Abdul Rahman Salih, The Book of Life, a manuscript in the possession of his son, Dr. Suhail Abdul Rahman Salih, several volumes.
- Abd al-Razzaq al-Hilali, The History of Education in Iraq in the Ottoman Era 1638-1917 AD, 1st Edition, (Baghdad, 1959).
- Abdul Karim Al-Dujaili, “Al-Nidhamiya Schools in the Ottoman Era in the Kirkuk District”, Al-Maarifa Magazine, Volume 5, Third Year, February 1963, (Baghdad).
Ghanem Saeed Al-Obaidi, Private education in Iraq in its primary and secondary stages, its evolution and problems, (Baghdad, 1970).
- Fadel Hamdi Bayat, “Education in Iraq in the Ottoman Era: A Historical Study in the Light of the Ottoman Salnama,” Section One, Al-Mawred Magazine, Vol. 22, No. 6, Baghdad 1994.
- Faisal Muhammed al-Rahayim, The Development of Iraq under the Rule of the Federalists (1908-1914), (Mosul, 1975).
- Muhammed Asfour Salman, Iraq during the reign of Midhat Pasha (1286-1289 AH) - (1869-1872 AD), a master's thesis in Modern History submitted to the Council of the College of Arts - University of Baghdad, 1989.
- Namir Taha Yassin, The Beginnings of Modernization in Iraq 1869-1914, a master's thesis submitted to the Higher Institute of National and Socialist Studies at Al-Mustansiriya University, (Baghdad, 1984).
Turkish References:
Salnama Ministry General Knowledge, Ujungi in 1318, House of the Attic Caliphate, Amira Press
Salnama Walayat of Mosul 1330 AH
Public Salnama 1328 AH
Salnama Ministry General Knowledge
Emruhan Yalçım,"Population Structure of Kirkuk, "https://dergipark.org.tr
Ünal Taşkı ," Classical Period Ottoman Educational Institutions ", www.socialarastirmalar
Racai Doğan ,"Ottoman Educational Institutions and Analysis of the First Reform Movements in Education in Terms of Westernization", https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/file/584400
Sedat Kanat, "Educational Policies and Social Mentality of the Ottoman Empire in the 19th Century", Bingol University Journal of Social Sciences Institute, year:8,vol:8, Issue:15, Spring 2018.
Süleyman Karatas, "Westernization in the Ottoman Education System, http://researchgate.net.