Journal of Tikrit University for Humanities

Critical Issues in the Journal Alamat fi al_Naqd: Modernity as a Model

Ahmed Subhi Hammadi — 2025-12-31

This study aims to analyze the critical issues addressed in Alamat fi al_Naqd, focusing on modernity as a key critical perspective in Arab literary discourse. It examines how the research published in the journal engages with literary modernity, including linguistic deviation, stylistic deviation, geometric forms, and the deconstruction of traditional hierarchies. Additionally, the study highlights the journal's role in enriching Arab criticism by adopting an advanced modernist discourse while maintaining a critical dialogue between heritage and contemporaneity. It also underscores the journal's efforts to foster a modernist critical consciousness that embraces interpretive possibilities and deconstructs dominant traditional discourses.

The study begins with a theoretical framework on the concept of modernity and its manifestations in both Western and Arab contexts. This is followed by an applied section analyzing four critics who published their studies in the journal, exploring the theme of modernity and its impact on Arabic poetry through their critical works.

Al-Baydawī’s (d. 685AH) Morphological Views in al-Bahr al-Madid by Ibn Ajiba al-Hasani (d. 1224 AH)

Akhlas Haid Azam Aljahishi — 2025-12-31

This research aims to trace morphological meaning in the works of al-Baydawi as presented in al-Bahr al-Madīd by Ibn ʿAjība. He sometimes attributes al-Baydawi's views explicitly by name and at other times cites them without attribution. Al-Baydawi is distinguished by his grounding of morphological meanings and their connection to lexical semantics, while maintaining conciseness without compromising clarity.

The study documents most of the morphological forms that al-Baydawi focused on, particularly those related to intensification, verbal nouns, and forms such as istafʿala, fāʿala, and mafʿūl. It also reveals al-Baydawi’s reliance on earlier exegetes, notably al-Zamakhsharī and al-Rāzī, from whom he selectively adopted the most plausible interpretations, all while preserving precision and clarity. The study concludes that al-Baydāwī offered eloquent and succinct insights into morphological meanings, marked by caution and deliberation in his exegesis, reflecting his deep understanding of the Arabic language and his reverence for the sanctity of the Qur’anic text.

The Linguistic Evidence in al-‘Ijli’s Book: Explanation of Problematic Words in al-Sami fi al-Asami

Farid Abdulla Khalil — 2025-12-31

The study of morphological texts remains relatively limited when compared to the extensive research conducted on verified manuscripts in the field of linguistics, particularly in grammar and morphology. Despite the fundamental importance of morphology in understanding the structure of Arabic words, scholarly works that address it directly are still few in number. Motivated by a desire to contribute to this underexplored field. This study examines the book Sharḥ al-Kalimāt al-Mushkila fī Kitāb al-Sāmī fī al-Asāmī by al-ʿIjli, which contains a wealth of linguistic and morphological evidence that aids in clarifying and scientifically analyzing obscure words. The research is divided into three main sections, preceded by an introduction and a preliminary overview. The focus of the study lies in analyzing the morphological evidence presented in the text and highlighting its role in linguistic clarification. The researcher hopes that this work will enrich modern morphological studies and encourage further scholarly attention to neglected or insufficiently studied sources in Arabic morphological heritage.

Forgiveness and Retribution in Pre-Islamic Poetry

Sumayah Ahmed Medan Hussein — 2025-12-31

The social structure in the pre-Islamic era was based on the tribe, which consisted of several clans that were sometimes in harmony and at other times in conflict. Poetry served as a medium for both fueling disputes and blessing reconciliations. It was the refuge of the pre-Islamic individual—used to stir emotions, calm tensions, and express the thoughts and deep feelings within.

This study examines forgiveness and retaliation in pre-Islamic poetry, given the widespread phenomena of vengeance and killing that characterized life in that era. The pre-Islamic poet often found himself torn between the fire of revenge—seeking justice for the self—and forgiveness, due to social and tribal constraints that prevented retaliation. These themes are prominently reflected in many pre-Islamic poems. The research explores the artistic treatment of forgiveness and retaliation within the textual structure of the pre-Islamic ode (qasīda), through an analytical study of selected poetic examples.

Loss in Poetic Practice: The Poets of Al-Shirqat as a Model

Hussein Ahmed Ibrahim — 2025-12-31

This research explores several key themes related to loss, beginning with its definition both linguistically and terminologically. The concept of loss intersects with multiple meanings, encompassing both physical and emotional dimensions. It includes the disappearance of shared mnemonic elements within the poets’ experiences. In poetry, loss manifests in various forms that reflect emotional experiences, whether existential, such as death, absence, and separation, or emotional, such as deprivation, longing, and memory. All of these serve as motivators that inspire poetic expression, reflecting the poet’s personal experiences with what has been lost.

The study also addresses the duality of presence and absence, which provokes the poet’s memory and stimulates a comparison between past and present consciousness. This dynamic unveils emotional depth in the creation of poetic texts. Moreover, the research delves into elegy and the pain of memory, emphasizing how elegiac emotion can generate authentic feeling and the interplay of words that intensify meaning. These are fundamental aspects of lyrical poetry, which draws its material from subjects closely tied to emotional experience.

Social Alienation in the Novels of Saad Mohammed Rahim

Taghreed Fares Yassin — 2025-12-31

This research addresses the phenomenon of social alienation, a complex psychological and social condition that individuals suffer from when they feel isolated from their society, and lose their sense of belonging and participation. This alienation is manifested in a person’s feeling of estrangement among their community, an inability to interact or influence their surroundings, which often leads to withdrawal, rejection of prevailing values, or indifference toward what happens around them.

This study explores several characters who suffer and struggle with social alienation. Among them is Hikmat, who embodies the idea of the immense social gap between him and Nahla, which stands as a barrier between them. It also examines various causes that leads some characters to abandon their societies due to the difficult circumstances they experienced, such as Kaka Abbas. The study examines the narratives of the author, including Ghasaq al-Karaki Dusk of the Cranes, Fushat Junoon (A Space of Madness), and The Murder of the Bookseller.

The Significance of Morphological Structures in the Divan of Zuhair ibn Abi Salma: An Analytical Study

Shurooq Shakor Sediq — 2025-12-31

This research examines the semantics of the morphological structures of the triliteral verbs, both abstract and augmented, in the poetry of Zuhair ibn Abi Salma—an analytical study.

This research focuses on the semantics of the triliteral verb structures, both abstract and augmented by one, two, or more letters, and also demonstrated the significance of their meanings. The limitation of this research lies in the study of the morphological structures found in this poetry collection, given the multiplicity of issues they address. This research includes a brief overview of the life of the poet Zuhair ibn Abi Salma, and then examined the meanings at the morphological level whether they are structures or augmentations. It also discusses the opinions of ancient and modern scholars, as well as our own personal opinion.

In short, morphological structures are a semantic tool that grants words flexibility in expression and contributes to defining grammatical and rhetorical functions, thus enriching linguistic expression. In poetry, they are an artistic tool that plays a pivotal role, giving the poet semantic depth, which in turn contributes to shaping his aesthetic imagery. Grammatical structures are an essential element of poetic creativity. The study addresses the meanings of the levels of language to show the effect of the morphological level on the comprehensive meanings of the morphological structures in the collection

The Controls Governing the Formation of the Al-Khasa Basin between Kirkuk and Chamchamal

Hassan Ali Hamad Aljumaily — 2025-12-31

This research explores the controlling factors, both natural and anthropogenic, that have shaped the Khassa River basin located between the cities of Kirkuk and Chamchamal in northern Iraq, and analyzes their environmental impacts. The study employs a geomorphological analysis approach supported by climatic, geological, and hydrological data, alongside the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and environmental modeling to monitor morphometric changes in the basin. The results reveal that lithological formations, topographic gradients, rainfall patterns, and human land-use practices are the most influential factors in shaping the basin and defining its characteristics. Furthermore, the study demonstrates that these controls have directly impacted environmental stability, water balance, and soil quality, highlighting the urgent need for integrated strategies to sustainably manage natural resources in the region and their influence on human settlement. The basin is located within the zone of imbricate folds in the transitional area between the Mesopotamian plain and the folded zone, which has made it influenced by a group of structural features such as anticlines, synclines, and faults.

The Relationship between Climate Variability and Wheat Crop Productivity in Kirkuk Governorate

Jumaa Hussein Jumaa Younis — 2025-12-31

This study aims to analyze the impact of climate variability on the productivity of the wheat crop in four meteorological stations: Kirkuk, Tuz, Baiji, and Makhmur, using climate and agricultural data from the period (1990–2023). Advanced statistical tools such as Excel, SPSS, and GIS were used to monitor climatic changes (such as temperature, rainfall, and humidity) and determine their relationship to agricultural production fluctuations.

The results showed that climate changes, particularly rising temperatures and decreased rainfall, directly impacted the wheat growth stages, especially during flowering and ripening periods, leading to reduced yields, especially in rain-fed agriculture. Recurrent drought years contributed to the instability of annual production and negatively affected food security in the studied regions.

The study also showed variations in climatic effects among the four stations, necessitating specialized agricultural policies for each region. Statistically significant relationships were found between climate variability indicators such as drought and humidity and wheat productivity.

Climate Modeling of the Temperature Element for Kirkuk and Tikrit Stations

Qeead Mohammed Khalaf Al-Jumaili — 2025-12-31

This study aims to analyze climate changes and identify temperature extremes at the Kirkuk and Tikrit stations using statistical methods. The study results showed that thermal fluctuation varies between the two stations, with Kirkuk recording higher fluctuation than Tikrit due to its geographical location and the influence of unstable air masses. It was also found that thermal fluctuation is more intense during winter and less noticeable in summer.

When analyzing temperature models, temperatures were classified into three patterns: hot model, moderate model, and cold model. The moderate model was found to be the most frequent in both stations, with a recurrence rate of 74% in Kirkuk and 77.4% in Tikrit, reflecting relative stability in temperatures. The hot model appeared at a rate of 16% in Kirkuk and 9.7% in Tikrit, while the cold model recurred at 9% and 12.9%, respectively. This indicates the presence of minor temperature extremes at both stations.

The Historical Evolution of Geopolitical Thought: From Ancient Civilizations to the Modern Era

Mohammed Farhan Dhahir Hamad — 2025-12-31

Geopolitical thought is the result of the interaction between humans, space, and power throughout history. This thought has undergone several developmental stages, beginning with ancient civilizations, where it appeared in the perspectives of the Egyptians, Babylonians, and Greeks regarding the relationship between geography and governance, and was evident in the works of philosophers such as Plato and Aristotle. During the Arab-Islamic era, geopolitical thought witnessed significant advancement through the contributions of Muslim scholars like Al-Maqdisi and Ibn Khaldun, who linked geography with urbanization and the structure of the state. In the modern era, this thought evolved into a more scientific and theoretical discipline, especially with the emergence of geopolitical schools in Europe and America that focused on concepts such as power, location, borders, and the global system. Tracing this historical evolution reveals how geopolitical thought has become a vital tool for understanding international relations and interpreting regional conflicts in the contemporary context.

The Geopolitical Importance of Palestine in the Zionist-American Strategy

Yassin Nazal Ramadan Sayel — 2025-12-31

This study focuses on the Zionist conflict in Palestine and the most important geopolitical challenges facing the Middle East, particularly the escalating conflict in the Zionist campaign and war on the Gaza Strip due to its strategic importance regionally and globally. The study aims to highlight the geographical and strategic importance of the Gaza Strip, identify the most important features and dimensions of the Zionist conflict and war on the Gaza Strip, identify the importance of energy resources and attempts to control their transport routes, and demonstrate the reasons for implementing the Zionist-American strategy in the Middle East. The Gaza Strip occupies a unique strategic and maritime location and it represents a link between the continents of Asia, Africa, and Europe. This location has made it the subject of ongoing geopolitical ambitions, especially by the Zionist entity and the United States. The Zionist-American war on the Gaza Strip seeks to redraw the map of the Middle East, eliminate the resistance, and enable the Zionist entity to control energy and water resources, especially the gas fields in the Eastern Mediterranean. This is achieved through American political, military, and economic support, as part of a restructuring of the regional order to serve Israeli national security and American interests. The dominant powers seek to establish new maps of power and control in the Middle East

Applying the CAR-PAP Mathematical Methodology in Assessing the Quality and Quantity of Water Erosion in the Wadi Bash Tapa Basin Using Modern Geographic Information Systems (GIS)

Ahmed Abbas Khalaf Al-Halboosi — 2025-12-31

Water erosion is a natural problem that leads to soil degradation in watershed basins due to flowing water, from falling raindrops impacting the surface to surface runoff ending in valley channels. It is considered one of the significant geomorphological processes due to its impact on human activities. This process transports soil and alters its chemical and physical properties by removing fertile surface layers, which in turn reduces arable land, often already limited in mountainous areas ultimately leading to reduced agricultural productivity.

Water erosion processes are influenced by several natural factors such as climate, soil type, land cover, and slope. To determine the severity of the issues caused by erosion, it is essential to estimate the magnitude of the problem and identify its causes using quantitative mathematical models. One such model is the )PAP-CAR( model, known for its accuracy in simulating remote sensing data and measuring water erosion, thus enabling scientifically informed decision-making to mitigate negative environmental impacts.

The results showed that the qualitative and quantitative assessment of water erosion using the )PAP/CAR) model revealed variation across the model's indicators. The current erosion development index ranged from low to moderate, covering areas of (88–99 km²) respectively. The land erodibility index also varied between low and moderate, covering (83–95 km²). The soil protection index ranged between moderate and severe, covering (91–92 km²). The qualitative erosion evaluation index showed values ranging from low to moderate, with areas of (103–150 km²). As for the quantitative erosion evaluation index, erosion levels varied from low to moderate across most parts of the basin, covering (92–113 km²). These variations are attributed to differences in rock hardness, presence of natural vegetation, and variability in vegetation density from one area to another.

Manifestations of Desertification in the area of Hamreen and Its Environmental Repercussion

Neama Rafea Talib Mahmood — 2025-12-31

The world faces the threat of desertification and the resulting degradation of the ecosystem and biodiversity, affecting arid, semi-arid, and sub-humid regions, with negative impacts on economic, social, and political aspects. This study aims to identify the manifestations of desertification and its most significant environmental repercussions in the study area.

The study shows that human factors are the primary cause of desertification spread and increased severity in the study area, with misuse of agricultural lands, overgrazing, and unplanned urban expansion being the foremost. Climatic characteristics play a role in exacerbating this phenomenon and increasing its intensity. The study also revealed another manifestation of desertification resulting from increased soil susceptibility to erosion, and it also shows increased erosion in most districts of the study area.

It was also found that the study area suffers from manifestations of desertification, primarily soil salinization and erosion. The soil in the study area suffers from a deterioration in its physical and chemical properties, which negatively reflected in the emergence and spread of desertification manifestations in the study area, in addition to the variation in soil texture between mixed medium-textured soil, fine-textured clayey soil, and coarse salty sandy soil, which played an important role in soil salinization and erosion. Changes in land use were also observed, especially in urban areas, and changes in vegetation cover density between the districts of the study area.

It became clear that the study area suffers from severe and very severe desertification. The most striking features of these two types were the shrinking of vegetation cover area, the increase in barren and saline land area, and the expansion of urban areas, which necessitates adopting all necessary measures to combat desertification.

Cartographic Analysis of Spatio-Temporal Population Changes: An Applied Study of Al-Hawija District (1957–2024)

Mu'ayyad Sami Abdullah Al-Qaraghouli — 2025-12-31

This study aims to conduct a cartographic analysis of the spatiotemporal changes in the population of Al-Hawija District over the period (1957–2024), using a set of quantitative indicators (the temporal concentration coefficient (TCI), the temporal fluctuation coefficient (CV), and the population stability index (PSI). The study relied on historical multi-stage population data, which was processed and analyzed using cartographic mapping techniques supported by statistical-spatial modeling.

The results revealed clear spatial and temporal disparities in population distribution, with some stages concentrated in distinct demographic booms, while others were characterized by relative stability. The indicators also revealed that some districts experienced radical changes in their demographic structure, while others maintained remarkable stability. The results of the Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) revealed that infrastructure and services (road network, proximity to the river, schools, health centers, and water reservoirs) were influential factors in explaining spatial variation in population density, accounting for more than 57% of the explanatory value. The remaining percentage reflected the importance of introducing additional determinants related to economic, social, and security factors.

The study concludes that spatiotemporal cartographic analysis provides an effective tool for understanding population growth dynamics and variations, and contributes to formulating an integrated spatial vision that helps decision-makers guide sustainable development plans at the local and regional levels.

The Semiotics of Scenography in Educational Monodrama Performances

Abd Al-Ilah Najm Abd Muhammad — 2025-12-31

This study centers on examining the semiotics of scenography in educational monodrama performances. It consist of four sections. The first section consists of the methodological framework, the research problem through the main question: "What are the semiotics of scenography in educational monodrama performances?" It further outlines the study's significance and states its objective

The second section, comprises two topics: the first discusses the concept of monodrama, while the second examines the mechanisms of scenographic semiotics in educational monodrama. This section concludes with theoretical framework indicators and a review of prior studies.

Section three, presents the methodology, employing a descriptive-analytical approach. The research population consisted of eight (8) monodrama performances, with one selected for in-depth analysis: the play Nashaz (Discord). A research tool was designed based on the theoretical indicators from section two, and the validity was verified by a panel of eight (8) experts, finalizing the tool for analysis.

Finally, section four, contains the conclusions, recommendations, and suggestions

Random Pattern in Contemporary Painting: Letter Painting as a Model

Obaidullah Issa Ismail Ibrahim — 2025-12-31

The random style in art is distinguished by its capacity to evoke a sense of astonishment and contemplation. It transcends the conventional constraints of rigid organization, granting the artist the freedom of expression with all the depth embodied by spontaneity. Beauty in this style emerges through the unexpected interplay of colors, lines, and shapes, allowing the eye to wander across the canvas without a clear path, as if discovering new worlds with every glance.

This study consists of four sections. The first section, The Methodological Framework, addresses the research problem, objectives, limitations, and definitions of key terms. The second section comprises two topics: the first discusses the concept of randomness, while the second examines contemporary painting in the context of calligraphic. The third section focuses on the procedures of research and analysis, and the fourth section presents the findings, conclusions, and recommendations.

Representations of Popular Heritage Children's Theater Performances

SAFA LOUY FARMAN — 2025-12-31

This research is semiotic study. It is divided into four sections. The first section presents the methodological framework, focusing on the research problem and the significance of folk heritage in children's theatre. The study explores how semiotics operates within folk traditions to activate scenographic elements and interpret layers of meaning in performances aimed at children. The research aims to identify manifestations of folk heritage in children's theatre through semiotic analysis, with a temporal scope from 2011 to 2018. The section concludes with key terms: folk heritage, children's theatre, semiotics.

The second section provides the theoretical framework and previous studies. It is divided into three topics: the first explores the concept of folk heritage, the second discusses semiotics and its theatrical applications, and the third examines scenographic elements in children's theatre. The section ends with theoretical indicators and a review of related studies.

Global Mindset of Postgraduate Students

Abdullhaq. J. Hassan — 2025-12-31

The present study aims to examine the level of global mindset among postgraduate students at the University of Tikrit. It further seeks to identify statistically significant differences in the level of global mindset based on the variable of academic discipline (scientific vs. humanities), as well as differences according to the level of study (master’s vs. doctoral).

The research employed a descriptive correlational design, wherein the researcher developed a scale to measure the global mindset. The study population included all postgraduate students enrolled at the University of Tikrit during the 2024/2025 academic year. A stratified random sample of 150 students was selected, comprising 100 M.A. students and 50 doctoral students. The sample was proportionally distributed between humanities (86 students) and scientific disciplines (64 students).

Several statistical tools were utilized, including the one-sample and independent-samples t-tests, Chi-square test, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient, as well as measures of central tendency and dispersion (mean and standard deviation). Following the administration of the scale and statistical analysis of the data, the researcher arrived at several key findings. Notably, postgraduate students at the University of Tikrit demonstrated a moderate level of global mindset. Moreover, no statistically significant differences were found in students’ global mindset based on their academic discipline (scientific vs. humanities), nor were there significant differences associated with their level of study (master’s vs. doctoral).

The Integration of Digital Technologies in Teaching the Elements of Art to First-Year Students in the Art Education Department

Ezzeldin Mahmoud Khalaf Jawad Al-Jubouri — 2025-12-31

This study aims to investigate the impact of utilizing digital technologies in teaching the subject of Art Elements to first-year students in the Department of Art Education at the University of Diyala. The researcher adopted the experimental method, dividing the sample into two groups: an experimental group and a control group, each consisting of 40 students. Both groups underwent a pre-test and a post-test, as well as an observation checklist. The experimental group received instruction using a digital technology-based program, while the control group followed traditional teaching methods. The results revealed statistically significant differences at the 0.05 level in favor of the experimental group in both the post-test and the observation checklist. These findings highlight the effectiveness of integrating digital technologies in teaching Art Elements, as they contribute to enhancing students’ understanding, engagement, and artistic skills at the early university level.

The Effect of Combined Instruction Strategy on Secondary School Students' Listening Comprehension

Muhanad Khalid Hussein — 2025-12-31

Combined Instruction Strategy regards as a means of fostering the learners’ competence in selection and coordination of appropriate strategies for their listening skill uses by students to perceive what the speaker is saying and to interpret what they intend to mean. This study aims to find out the effect of CIS on the EFL secondary school students' achievement in listening comprehension. The population of the present study is (652) students which represents all the students of the fifth secondary classes in Al-Sharqat city during the academic year (2024-2025), The participants consisted of (58) students, EC=39 and CG=19. at Al-Rafal Secondary School, 78.37% of original population. The two groups have been taught the same instructional material "listening comprehension sections" which includes all audios of the three units (two, three, and five) assigned in Student’s Book 5 and Activity Book for 12 weeks. Both groups are equalized in their age, the parents educational attainment, and their scores in the previous year. The EG received explicit, and combined instruction strategy bases on process-based listening strategy instruction. The CG received the conventional teaching of listening. Then, achievement posttest of five questions has been constructed on (58) students for the two groups to assess the students’ listening comprehension. Also, the students' attainment is improved in listening skills, and this is due to the strategy. The study ends with a number of conclusions, recommendations and suggestions for further that are presented in light of the results.

The Effect of KUD Strategy on EFL Preparatory School Students’ Concord Achievement

Zainab Shaheen Mohammed — 2025-12-31

KUD strategy (Know, Understand, and Do) is an effective instructional strategy that supports comprehension and active learning. It is particularly useful in teaching grammar, especially subject-verb agreement, as it helps students recognize patterns, grasp rules, and apply them accurately. The present study aims at : finding out the effect of KUD strategy on EFL preparatory school students' concord achievement ,investigating the effect of KUD strategy on EFL preparatory school students’ concord achievement at the proximity and notional levels ,finding out the effect of KUD strategy on EFL preparatory school students’ concord achievement at the recognition and production levels of the Posttest .A Sample of 62 students is randomly selected from Kuliyet Kirkuk preparatory school students for girls fifth class during academic year (2024-2025) .It is divided into two equal groups ,i.e., the experimental and control groups .Both groups are equalized in their age ,their parents’ educational attainment ,pretest ,and their degrees in English language during the previous stage of the academic year (2023-2024). The experimental group receives instruction based on the KUD strategy, while the control group follows the conventional teaching method. An achievement test is constructed, validated, and applied to the two groups. The results show that using KUD strategy in the classroom is more effective than using the conventional methods for developing students’ understanding of subject-verb agreement, as it helps them analyze, explain, and apply grammatical rules more accurately. Finally, the study ends up with conclusions, suitable recommendations and suggestions for further studies.

Self -Assessment and Reflection on Iraqi EFL University Students Critical Thinking

Maryam Amer Mousa — 2025-12-31

Self-Assessment and Reflection is a strategy used to develop metacognitive skills particularly critical thinking. The current study aims at finding out: to what extent that the Self-Assessment and Reflection strategy effect on the level of university students’ critical thinking. The effect using Self-Assessment on Iraqi EFL university students in critical thinking. The effect of Reflection on Iraqi EFL university students in critical thinking. The correlation between Iraqi EFL university students Self-Assessment and Reflection for the two groups. The using of Self-Assessment and Reflection on the experimental group students’ achievement at the recognition and production levels. The sample of the study is 60 students have been randomly selected from department of English- third stage. It is divided into two equal groups, experimental and control groups. The experimental group has been taught according to the Self-Assessment and Reflection strategy, while the control group has been taught by the conventional method. An achievement test has been constructed and applied to the two groups. Metacognitive Inventory awareness questionnaire is used to assess students’ self-assessment. Kember Reflection questionnaire is used to assess students’’ reflection. The results indicate that using Self-Assessment and Reflection in the classroom is more effective than using the conventional method for developing critical thinking skill.

The Impact of Presentation Practice Production (PPP) Strategy on EFL Intermediate School Students' Use of Adjectives

Rasha Eidan Jalil — 2025-12-31

There are many teaching strategies that teachers can use to enhance students' learning. This study aims at: Finding out the impact of presentation practice production Strategy on EFL intermediate school students’ use of adjectives; Finding out if there is any statistically significant difference of experimental group’s use of adjective variables including (quality, quantity and possessive in the post- test. During the first semester of the academic year (2024–2025). a sample of 60 Iraqi EFL second intermediate school students has been chosen randomly from Suhdaa AL-Taff Intermediate School for Boys in Kirkuk. The sample is split into two equal groups, the experimental and control groups. Age, parental educational background, and children' grades in English language courses from the previous school year (2023–2024) have all been equalized for both groups. An achievement post-test has been constructed to be a data collection, and the students result treated statistically. The result shows that the presentation practice production strategy is more effective in teaching EFL intermediate school students use of adjectives than the traditional teaching strategies.