Dhahir Hamad, M. F. and Obaid Al-Azzawi, M. F. (2025) “The Historical Evolution of Geopolitical Thought: From Ancient Civilizations to the Modern Era”, Journal of Tikrit University for Humanities, 32(12, 2), pp. 176–199. doi: 10.25130/jtuh.32.12.2.2025.11.