Sibaweeh's Syntactic Viewpoints in ‘Al-Azhiya’ by Al-Harawee (415 A.H.) : A Presentation and an Analysis
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Abstract
The present research deals with the grammatical viewpoints of Imam Sibaweeh (d. 180 AH), which were mentioned by Imam Al-Harawee (d. 415 AH) in his book (Al-Azhiya fi 'Ilm Al-Harf), which were eleven viewpoints and were distributed in several places and in different chapters of the book. This paper presented these viewpoints, analyzed them, and clarified their vagueness, benefiting from what the great scholars (May Allah have mercy upon their souls) mentioned in their books that enriched the research and paved the way for the researchers. The research concludes that the moral need for intellectual communication with others is the essence of language; It is also a basis for the differentiation of the levels of composition in terms of quality, stemming from this the origin of the moral relationship between (قلما) and (يدوم) and between (يدوم) and (وصال) because (قلما) refers to the action and calls for it, does neither indicate the noun nor invoke it and it does not need it, but (وصال) has advanced towards: (قلما) with the verbal controller for the sake of rhythm and rhyme, which led to making the relationship between (قلما) and (وصال) a moral one, the thing that led to a decrease in the strength and quality of the structure because there is no moral need between (قلما) and (وصال).
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